一九五六年朝鲜“八月事件”研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 12:30

本文关键词：一九五六年朝鲜“八月事件”研究　出处：《复旦大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自从中华人民共和国和朝鲜民主主义人民共和国建立,尤其是朝鲜战争中两国并肩作战以来,中朝关系一直被视为“血盟”一般的特殊而密切的关系。在冷战时期严峻的两大阵营对峙格局下,几十年的宣传牢固地塑造并巩固了这种历史记忆。而且,改革开放至今,中国仍然要维持对朝鲜的影响力,因而中国政府只强调中朝之间的友谊,而并不愿暴露中朝之间的矛盾或分歧。然而,笔者阅读已公开的前苏联档案与一些中外学者的相关研究成果,特别是查阅朝鲜档案及文献资料之后就发现,在朝鲜战争期间中朝高层领导之间早已产生了矛盾与分歧。而到了1956年,朝鲜也像其他社会主义阵营国家一样,受到苏共二十大赫鲁晓夫批判斯大林个人崇拜现象的影响,发生了一场严重的朝鲜劳动党党内斗争,即“八月事件”。那次由延安派和部分苏联派联合策划的反金日成活动在朝鲜劳动党全体会议上未获成功,随后发生了1956年9月中苏两国共同干预朝鲜劳动党内部事件,因而此时中朝关系也陷入低谷。但是悖论却是,中苏共同干预朝鲜事件之后,金日成趁东欧发生动荡的时机对反对派进行彻底肃清,这就带来了中朝关系的好转与改善。以往的研究成果主要是从东欧发生的动荡、中苏两国的国内情况、中苏之间的分歧等外部因素中寻找其原因。不过,本文以朝鲜“八月事件”与之后几个月的朝鲜国内政治动荡为研究对象,对于朝鲜国内政治格局与其变化对中朝关系带来的影响进行分析。为此,本文主要依据朝鲜国家档案与报刊资料、前苏联档案和亲历者的回忆以及中、韩、美、日、俄等国学者的研究著作,对此历史事件进行探讨。本研究的目的在于,通过剖析中朝关系中的另一面,更加全面而客观地考察中朝关系史。就中国而言,中朝关系仍然是至关重要的双边关系,也是最让中国感到困惑而不易处理的关系之一。正因为如此,本研究不仅具有历史学方面的意义,而且还可以为现实提供某种借鉴。
[Abstract]:Since the establishment of the people's Republic of China and the Democratic people's Republic of Korea, particularly in the Korean War, the two countries have fought side by side. Sino-DPRK relations have always been regarded as "blood alliance" as a general special and close relationship. In the cold war severe confrontation between the two camps, decades of propaganda firmly shaped and consolidated this historical memory. Since the reform and opening up, China still wants to maintain its influence on North Korea, so the Chinese government only emphasizes the friendship between China and North Korea, and does not want to expose the contradictions or differences between China and North Korea. However, the author has read the published archives of the former Soviet Union and some Chinese and foreign scholars related to the results of research, especially after consulting the DPRK archives and literature on the discovery. During the Korean War, there were already contradictions and disagreements between the top leaders of China and North Korea. By 1956, North Korea was like other socialist countries. Influenced by the criticism of Stalin's personality cult by the Soviet Communist Party's 20 Great Khrushchev, there was a serious inner-party struggle between the Workers' Party of Korea and the Democratic people's Republic of Korea. The "incident of August". The anti-Kim Il Sung campaign, jointly planned by the Yan'an faction and some Soviet factions, was unsuccessful in the plenary session of the Workers' Party of Korea. Then, in September 1956, China and the Soviet Union intervened in the internal affairs of the Workers' Party of Korea, and relations between China and North Korea also fell into a low point. But the paradox is that after the joint intervention of China and the Soviet Union in North Korea, Kim Il-sung took advantage of the turmoil in Eastern Europe to wipe out the opposition thoroughly. This has brought about the improvement and improvement of Sino-Korean relations. The previous research results are mainly from the turbulence in Eastern Europe, the domestic situation of China and the Soviet Union, the differences between China and the Soviet Union, and other external factors. This article takes the "August incident" and the domestic political turbulence in the following months as the research object, and analyzes the influence of the internal political pattern and its changes on the Sino-Korean relations. This article mainly based on the Korean national archives and press materials, the former Soviet Union archives and personal memories, as well as the Chinese, South Korea, the United States, Japan, Russia and other countries of the research work, to explore this historical event. The purpose of this study is to investigate the history of China-DPRK relations more comprehensively and objectively by analyzing the other side of China-DPRK relations. As far as China is concerned, the Sino-DPRK relationship is still a crucial bilateral relationship. It is also one of the most confusing and intractable relationships in China. Because of this, this study not only has historical significance, but also can provide some reference for reality.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K27

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