民国时期的“郊区型农业”——以北京西北郊为例

发布时间：2018-01-18 01:31

本文关键词：民国时期的“郊区型农业”——以北京西北郊为例　出处：《北京社会科学》2015年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：文章以民国时期北平西北郊区的农村为考察对象,其范围在距北平城墙20里以内,也就是今天海淀区西北二至五环之间的区域,例如北面的清河、西面的四季青、西北的昆明湖下游流域。文章综合参照当时的社会调查和报刊、档案,从郊区民众的角度解读郊区型农业。这种农业形态打破了自给自足的传统农业,农产品商品化程度较高,土地集约化经营,是劳动、资本和技术密集型的农业,是农民创收的途径之一。一方面满足了北京城的消费需求;另一方面增强了农业的防灾抗灾能力。但是,郊区型农业在民国时期并未得到发展。在战乱不断的历史环境下,农业成为各时期政府竞相搜刮的对象和饥民的避难所。
[Abstract]:The article takes the rural areas in the northwestern suburbs of Peiping in the period of the Republic of China as the object of investigation. Its scope is within 20 miles from the city wall of Peiping, which is the area between the second and fifth rings of the northwest of Haidian District today, such as the Qinghe River in the north. West of Sijiqing, northwest of the lower reaches of Kunming Lake. The article comprehensive reference to the social survey at that time, newspapers and periodicals, archives. From the perspective of suburban people, this form of agriculture breaks the traditional self-sufficiency agriculture, the degree of commercialization of agricultural products is high, land intensive management, is labor, capital and technology intensive agriculture. It is one of the ways for farmers to generate income. On the one hand, it meets the consumption demand of Beijing. On the other hand, it strengthened the ability of agriculture to prevent and resist disasters. However, the suburban agriculture did not develop in the period of the Republic of China. Agriculture has become a haven for governments and hungry people in all periods.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学历史学院;
【分类号】：F329;K25
【正文快照】： 改革开放以来,国内北京史研究大多限于从社会近代化的角度探讨北京城中的人、事、物,很少关注京郊农村。农业经济史研究多以华北作为大经济区来考察,也并未体察到城郊农村与其他农村的区别。[2]通过阅读民国时期大量针对北平郊区的高校调查,笔者发现北平郊区独具特色,郊区农业

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