上海公共租界卫生模式研究

发布时间：2018-02-08 20:21

本文关键词： 公共租界卫生模式工部局卫生处卫生官医院公共卫生慈善　出处：《复旦大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：关于上海租界及其对上海近代化的促进作用,已有不少研究成果。这些论著从西方近代科技、文化的引入,东西方生活习惯的差异与共融,华洋矛盾的产生与调和等方面入手,探讨近代上海租界的发展。本文的关注点是上海公共租界中卫生模式的发展,通过对卫生问题的探讨,来考察公共租界的发展及其对法租界、华界的影响。主要内容有以下四个方面： 1、“卫生处”是何时正式出现在工部局的机构当中,它是如何运作的； 2、卫生处职员的人事问题,如,雇佣、考核、薪酬等等； 3、上海公共租界租界内西式医院的发展； 4、工部局以及社会团体所进行的慈善事业。本文首先从客观的角度来分析,租界内早期人口的增长给租界环境带来的负面影响,纠正洋人偏见式地认为华人不卫生的印象。其次,从“卫生处”这个名字的由来着手,论述卫生处的成立过程、人事变化、机构职责等方面的问题。在梳理完工部局相关内容之后,本文将论述西式医院在公共租界内的发展,其中的关键是厘清工部局与西式医院的关系、医师执照制度的建立,揭示工部局是如何实现对界内卫生机构、卫生从业人员的制度化管理。在公共租界的卫生模式中,早期存在有必要(工部局)和非必要(社会团体)的成分。而后者在发展过程中,越来越重要,由于资金等方面的因素,社会团体的力量越来越不可忽视,这在战争时期表现得尤为明显。本文将从医院建设和慈善事业两大部分来阐述工部局和社会团体在租界卫生建设中的作用。在厘清公共租界卫生模式中的主体、活动内容之后,本文将事业扩大到公共租界以外的华界和法租界。由于管理体制的不同,公共租界的应变性和发展速度都较华界、法租界更快。因此,在诸多方面处于领先地位的公共租界,其卫生模式对外界的影响必然比其他两界的要大。本文在阐述华界、法租界与公共租界在卫生事务上的往来关系时,将重点突出公共租界卫生模式的模范作用。通过研究工部局卫生管理机构的名称变化、卫生职员的人事问题,以及西式医院和慈善事业作为卫生模式中不可或缺的一部分是如何运作,是本文最大的几个创新点。
[Abstract]:There have been many research results on Shanghai concession and its role in promoting the modernization of Shanghai. These works begin with the introduction of modern science and technology in the West, the introduction of culture, the difference and integration of the habits of life between the East and the West, the emergence and reconciliation of the contradiction between the Chinese and the foreign, and so on. This paper focuses on the development of sanitary model in Shanghai public concession. Through the discussion of health problems, this paper explores the development of public concession and its influence on French concession. The main contents are as follows:. (1) when the "Health Office" formally appeared in the agencies of the Ministry of Industry and how it operated; (2) personnel issues of the staff of the Health Office, such as employment, assessment, salary and so on; 3. The development of Western-style hospitals in Shanghai Public concession; 4, the Ministry of Industry Bureau and social organizations to carry out philanthropy. This paper first analyzes the negative impact of the early population growth in the concession on the concession environment from an objective point of view, and corrects the impression that foreigners are prejudiced that the Chinese are unhygienic. Secondly, from the origin of the name "Health Office", After combing the relevant contents of the Department of completion, this paper will discuss the development of western hospitals in the public concession. The key is to clarify the relationship between the Ministry of Industry and Western hospitals, to establish the system of doctors' license, and to reveal how the Bureau of Industry realizes the systematic management of health institutions and health workers within the boundary. In the health model of public concessions, there was an early element of necessity (Ministry of Industry) and non-essential (social group). The latter, in the course of development, became increasingly important, owing to factors such as funding, The strength of social organizations can not be ignored more and more, which is especially obvious during the war. This paper will expound the role of the Ministry of Industry and social organizations in the construction of concession health from the hospital construction and charity. After clarifying the main body and activity content of public concession health model, this paper expands the cause to the Chinese and French concessions outside the public concession. Because of the different management system, the change and development speed of the public concession is higher than that of the Chinese. French concession is faster. Therefore, the sanitary model of the public concession, which is in a leading position in many respects, must have a greater impact on the outside world than the other two sectors. In this paper, the relationship between the Chinese border, the French concession and the public concession in health matters is expounded. Emphasis will be placed on the exemplary role of the sanitation model in public concessions. By studying the change of the name of the health management agency of the Ministry of Industry, the personnel problems of the health staff, and the operation of western hospitals and philanthropy as an indispensable part of the health model, these are the most innovative points in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R126.4;K25

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