难以适应的集体化——皖西北农业合作化中的“闹、退社”问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-19 21:20

本文关键词： 集体化闹退社政治应对适应性行为　出处：《安徽史学》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：1956年农业社会主义改造完成后,不少农村出现了"闹、退社"问题。本文通过对皖西北地区的研究发现,"闹、退社"现象出现的原因除了农民收入下降,还在于其难以适应社会主义改造提前结束后的乡村形势转变。文章认为,1956年社会主义改造的提前完成,使乡村在技术经验和社会心理两个方面都存在着适应困难。技术经验障碍主要表现在干部匮乏和集体生产的管理经验不足;社会心理障碍则反映在乡村的利己主义思想与集体主义原则的矛盾。而政府在"反右"形势下以"辩论斗争"的方式应对适应难题,非但未见其效,反而催生了贯穿整个乡村集体化时代的"适应性行为"。
[Abstract]:In 1956, after the completion of the socialist transformation of agriculture, many rural areas appeared the problem of "uproar and retreat from the co-operatives". Through the study of the northwest of Anhui Province, this paper found that the phenomenon of "nagging and withdrawing the co-operatives" appeared only because of the decline in the income of the peasants. It is also difficult to adapt to the changes in the rural situation after the socialist transformation has been completed in advance. The article holds that in 1956, the socialist transformation was completed ahead of schedule. It is difficult to adapt to both technical experience and social psychology in rural areas. The main obstacles of technical experience are lack of cadres and lack of management experience in collective production. The social and psychological obstacles are reflected in the contradiction between self-interest and collectivism in the countryside, and the government's "debate and struggle" to cope with the problem of adaptation in the "anti-right" situation, not only has not seen its effectiveness. Instead, it gave birth to the "adaptive behavior" that ran through the whole rural collectivization era.
【作者单位】：华东政法大学马克思主义学院;
【基金】：“全国高校思想政治理论课教学科研团队择优支持计划” “上海市示范马克思主义学院项目”资助
【分类号】：K27

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