晚清时期开发广西的思想与政策实践研究（1885-1911）

发布时间：2018-02-19 18:36

本文关键词： 晚清时期广西边疆开发思想政策实践　出处：《广西师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：边疆史地研究作为我国传统史学研究中的重要组成部分,长期以来受到治史者的关注。近代以降,更是经历两次研究高潮,唤醒了国人对边疆地区的关注。自上世纪80年代起,中国边疆史地研究掀起了新一轮的学术研究热潮,至今仍方兴未艾。广西地处华南、西南结合部,不仅是我国面向东盟的重要门户和前沿地带,也是西南地区最便捷的出海大通道,因此在促进区域协调发展、深化与东盟开放合作、维护国家安全和西南边疆稳定中具有重要战略地位。从历史上来看,广西为守护我国的西南门户作出了重大贡献。不仅如此,在这片土地上生活的人们,还在具体实践活动中为地方开发积累了宝贵经验,从而推动了地方社会经济的发展。本文所指“开发”,是指对政治、经济、文化教育等各方面的建设和治理。晚清时期尤其是中法战争后,出于应对国内外剧烈而复杂的环境变迁,以马丕瑶、张鸣岐、苏元春等为代表的广西官员或主动、或被动的提出了各种开发和建设广西的思想主张,并在一定程度上付诸实践,取得了一些成效。尽管前贤时人对近代广西的开发活动有所述及,但对晚清时期广西开发的思想和实践缺乏全面、详细的论述,同时亦缺乏多层次、多角度的理论分析。有鉴于此,本文以晚清时期中法战争后至清帝退位间近三十年(1885—1911)为研究时段,以广西为研究载体和视域,力图通过梳理与研究各种开发、建设广西的思想主张和政策,考察具体的历史实践活动。同时,通过共时性和历时性的综合探讨,对各种思想主张和政策实践活动进行总结和评价,从而为当前乃至今后一段时期内的区域经济发展和构建和谐社会提供历史的借鉴和现实的参考。本文认为,中法战争后,无论是清政府还是广西地方政府中的有识官员,出于国防的需要,对广西地理位置重要性的认识有所提高。于是,他们纷纷提出诸如移民实边、修建铁路、兴办教育等建议,主要涉及农业、工矿业、交通、文化教育等内容。尽管其初衷是“固边圉”,但客观上为广西的地方社会经济发展做出了贡献。当然,同时我们也应看到,由于受到晚清时期大环境的影响,通过这些措施也并不能完全实现“固边圉”的目的,只是在一定程度上有所缓解而已。另外,领导力量、正确的指导思想、符合地方实际的措施也是不可或缺的重要条件。总之,只有从地方实际出发,才能制定出正确、有效的开发政策和措施,实现促进和推动地方社会经济的向前发展。最后,尽管晚清时期开发广西的历史活动并没有完全实现“固边圉”、“靖地方”的目的,但部分获得成效的经验仍值得总结,从而为我们提供一些有益于区域建设的建议或启示。
[Abstract]:The study of frontier history and geography, as an important part of Chinese traditional historiography, has been concerned by historians for a long time. In modern times, it has experienced two research climaxes, which has awakened the attention of Chinese people to the frontier areas. Since -20s, The study of Chinese frontier history and geography has set off a new round of academic research upsurge, and is still in the ascendant. Guangxi is located in South China, the junction of southwest China, and is not only an important gateway and frontier area for China to face ASEAN. It is also the most convenient large sea passage in the southwest, so it has an important strategic position in promoting the coordinated development of the region, deepening the opening and cooperation with ASEAN, and safeguarding national security and the stability of the southwest frontier. Guangxi has made great contributions to guarding the southwestern gateway of our country. Not only that, but also the people living on this land have accumulated valuable experience for local development in concrete practice activities, thus promoting the development of local social economy. The term "development" in this paper refers to the construction and governance of politics, economy, culture and education. In the late Qing Dynasty, especially after the Sino-French War, in order to cope with the drastic and complex changes in the environment at home and abroad, Ma Pi-yao, Zhang Mingqi, Guangxi officials, such as Su Yuanchun and others, either actively or passively put forward various ideological proposals for the development and construction of Guangxi, and put them into practice to a certain extent. Some achievements have been made. Although the development activities of modern Guangxi were described by the former Xianshi people, the thought and practice of Guangxi development in the late Qing Dynasty were not discussed comprehensively and in detail, and at the same time, there was also a lack of multi-level. In view of this, this paper takes nearly 30 years between the Sino-French War in the late Qing Dynasty and the abdication of Emperor Qing Dynasty (1885-1911) as the research period, and takes Guangxi as the research carrier and horizon to try to sort out and study various kinds of development. At the same time, through the Synchronous and diachronic comprehensive discussion, the author summarizes and evaluates various ideological and policy practice activities. So it can provide historical reference and realistic reference for the development of regional economy and the construction of harmonious society. This paper holds that, after the Sino-French War, the knowledgeable officials of the Qing government or the local government of Guangxi, out of the need of national defense, have improved their understanding of the importance of Guangxi's geographical location. The proposals for building railways and setting up education are mainly related to agriculture, industry and mining, transportation, culture and education. Although the original intention is to "consolidate the edge," it has objectively contributed to the local social and economic development in Guangxi. Of course, At the same time, we should also see that due to the influence of the great environment in the late Qing Dynasty, these measures will not completely achieve the purpose of "fixing the edge," but to a certain extent, it will only be alleviated. In addition, the leadership, Correct guiding ideology and measures in line with local realities are also indispensable and important conditions. In short, only by proceeding from local realities can correct and effective development policies and measures be formulated. Finally, although the historical activities in the development of Guangxi in the late Qing Dynasty did not fully realize the purposes of "cramming" and "Jingzhi", some of the successful experiences are still worth summing up. So as to provide us with some beneficial suggestions or inspiration for regional construction.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K252

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