试论民主革命时期周恩来的军事思想

发布时间：2018-02-17 06:26

本文关键词： 周恩来民主革命时期军事思想　出处：《山东师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伟大的无产阶级军事家周恩来,作为中国人民解放军的主要创建人和领导人之一,在长达半个世纪的岁月中,不仅是党的第一代领导集体的核心成员,也长期处于党对军队的指挥中心。在他长期的戎马生涯中,为中国革命战争的胜利和人民军队的发展壮大建立了不可磨灭的功勋,同时也形成了比较丰富和完整的军事思想,为完善和发展毛泽东军事思想做出了重要贡献。尤其是在党对军队的绝对领导、革命军队的政治工作、机要和电讯工作的开创、第二战场的开辟、以及军事统一战线等方面有着独到的见解和论述。周恩来军事思想的产生不是偶然的,它有着特殊的社会历史条件。20世纪前中期战争与革命成为时代主题,各种矛盾斗争异常激烈,中国武装的革命反对武装的反革命的需要,是周恩来军事思想产生、形成的时代背景;长达几十年的军事实践,是周恩来军事思想产生、形成的实践基础。马克思指出,实行无产阶级专政的首要条件就是创建和建设无产阶级的军队。周恩来在中国革命战争的漫长岁月中,经过长期武装斗争的不断探索和对丰富治军经验的总结,不仅创立了一支中国共产党直接领导下的人民军队,而且从理论与实践的结合上制定和提出了一整套建军原则:包括党对军队的绝对领导;明确提出政治工作是人民军队的生命线等等。成功地解决了在长期处于分散的农村游击战争的环境里,如何把以农民为主要成分的革命军队建设成为一支无产阶级性质的、同人民群众保持血肉联系的新型人民军队的问题。周恩来曾长期在白区坚持斗争,在我们党的第一代领导集体中,他主管白区工作的时间最长。十年内战时期在白区工作长达四年之久,他不仅参与领导军事战线的武装斗争,又一直是反动统治地区的地下斗争的主要领导人;抗战初期,他是长江局的领导人之一,1939年初,就任南方局书记,是党在国民党统治区的各方面工作的总负责人;解放战争时期,他又兼任中央城市工作部长,负责蒋管区的一切工作,最早阐述了“第二条战线”的战略思想。这些均有力地指导了白区的革命斗争。统一战线,武装斗争和党的建设,是中国共产党在新民主主义革命中战胜敌人的三大法宝。周恩来在领导中国革命各个历史时期,利用他同国民党军政要员和地方实力派有过长期交往的身份,把党的统一战线理论灵活地运用于军事领域,充分利用敌人的内部矛盾,积极开展统战工作,取得了突出成就,周恩来因为这种特殊的经历而在军事统战方面做出了较党的其他领导人更突出的贡献。同时,这一思想的运用,既推进了中国革命的历史进程,又为党的统战理论与实践的发展做出了重大的贡献。总之,周恩来在领导和指挥中国革命战争的实践过程中所形成的军事思想,是马克思军事理论与中国革命战争和国防建设具体实践相结合的产物,是毛泽东军事思想的有机组成部分,是人民军队建设和克敌制胜的法宝。对于新形势下的国防建设仍然具有非凡的长远的指导意义。
[Abstract]:As one of the main founders and leaders of the Chinese People ' s Liberation Army ( PLA ) , the great proletariat militaries have made important contributions to the victory of China ' s revolutionary war and the development of the people ' s army . In his long - term military career , he has made important contributions to the victory of China ' s revolutionary war and the development of the people ' s army . In particular , it has a unique insight and discussion on the absolute leadership of the army , the political work of the revolutionary army , the opening of the second battlefield , and the military united front . Zhou Enlai ' s military thought is not accidental , it has special social and historical conditions . In the middle of the 20th century , the war and revolution became the theme of the times , the conflicts fought abnormally , the Chinese armed revolution opposed the need of armed counter - revolution , and it was the historical background of Zhou ' s military thought and formed . Marx pointed out that the first and the most important condition for carrying out the dictatorship of the proletariat is to create and construct the army of the proletariat . In the early days of the War of Liberation , he was one of the leaders of the Yangtze River Bureau . In the early days of the War of Liberation , he was one of the leaders of the Yangtze River Bureau . In the early days of the War of Liberation , he served as the general leader of the Party in all aspects of the Kuomintang ' s ruling area . In the early 1939 , he served as the chief minister of the Central City , responsible for all the work of the Communist Party in the Kuomintang areas and expounded the strategic thought of " the second front " . All these strongly guided the revolutionary struggle of the White Area . The united front , the armed struggle and the Party ' s construction are the three great treasures of the Communist Party of China to defeat the enemy in the new - democratic revolution . He has made great contributions to the Party ' s united front theory in the military field by taking full advantage of the internal contradictions of the enemy and making full use of the internal contradictions of the enemy and making full use of the internal contradictions of the enemy and making full use of the internal contradictions of the enemy , and has made great contributions to the development of the Party ' s theory and practice . In short , Zhou Enlai ' s military thought during the course of leading and commanding the Chinese revolutionary war is the product of the combination of Marx ' s military theory with China ' s revolutionary war and the concrete practice of national defense construction . It is the organic part of Mao Zedong ' s military thought . It is the magic weapon of the construction of the people ' s army and the enemy ' s victory . For the new situation , the defense construction still has a remarkable long - term guiding significance .

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：E092;K26

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