建国初期上海私营企业年奖制度改革研究-1949-1955年

发布时间：2018-02-25 18:30

本文关键词： 私营企业工资制度年奖改革 1949—1955年　出处：《上海师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：解放前上海工商企业职工工资一般有两部分：基本工资和变相工资。基本工资相对稳定，变相工资则名目繁多，很不稳定，尤其是解放前夕因物价飞涨，，变相工资占整个工资收入的比重也越来越大，甚至超过基本工资，其中对职工影响最大、最普遍的变相工资形式是年终奖金或双年终双薪（以下统称“年奖”）。新中国在1953年至1956年对资本主义工商业进行了全面的社会主义改造。而作为工资制度改革中涉及人员最广，与广大劳动者、从业者切身利益最为密切的年奖制度改革，则早在全面改造资本主义工商业前3年就开始酝酿、准备和试行。本文以上海私营工商企业年奖制度改革为研究主题，以1949年底——1955年底为时间界限，从一个侧面反映建国初期上海私营工商企业职工工资收入变动及上海资本主义工商业改造的历史过程，进而探讨当年年奖制度改革中所采取的思想动员、劳资协商、工会参与等方式方法的现实启示意义。本文以时间为基本线索，详尽地描述解放前上海工厂企业的工资制度、收入水平特别是年奖制度产生和矛盾的暴露。着重阐述了年奖制度改革实施过程中三个阶段的递进和嬗变，即初期的酝酿试行阶段，中间的积极推进阶段和最后的改革完成阶段，并对各个阶段政策的变化、具体实施的重点、难点及相应推进措施，以及改革的实际成效、经验和启示作了较详细的梳理归纳。
[Abstract]:Before liberation, the wages of industrial and commercial workers in Shanghai generally had two parts: basic wages and disguised wages. The basic wages were relatively stable, while disguised wages were numerous and unstable, especially because of soaring prices on the eve of liberation. Disguised wages account for an increasingly large proportion of the total wage income, even exceeding basic wages, among which the workers are most affected. The most common form of disguised wage is a year-end bonus or a double year-end salary (hereinafter referred to as "the year Award"). New China carried out a comprehensive socialist transformation of capitalist industry and commerce between 1953 and 1956. As the most extensive reform of the wage system, The reform of the annual award system, which is most closely related to the interests of workers and practitioners, was brewing three years before the overall transformation of capitalist industry and commerce. Preparation and trial. This paper takes the reform of the annual award system of Shanghai private industry and commerce as the research topic, and takes the end of end of 1949 and the end of 1955 as the time limit. Reflecting from one side the historical process of wage income changes of private industrial and commercial workers in Shanghai and the transformation of Shanghai capitalist industry and commerce in the early years of the founding of the people's Republic of China, and then discussing the ideological mobilization and labor consultation adopted in the reform of the award system in those years. This paper, taking time as the basic clue, describes in detail the wage system of Shanghai factory enterprises before liberation. The income level, especially the emergence of the annual award system and the exposure of contradictions, are emphasized on the progressive and transmutation of the three stages in the process of the reform and implementation of the annual award system, that is, the initial stage of brewing and trial. The positive promotion stage and the final stage of reform are in the middle, and the changes of policies in each stage, the key points, difficulties and corresponding promotion measures of each stage, as well as the actual effect, experience and enlightenment of the reform are summarized in detail.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K27;F276.5;F272

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