20世纪60-70年代上海对西非部分国家经济援助研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 05:05

本文关键词： 上海西非经济援助　出处：《华东师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在20世纪60至70年代,中国以成套项目援助为主的多种援助方式,给非洲相关国家提供了大量无私的援助,并收到了很好的效果。上海作为当时中国最发达的城市之一,配合国家政策方针,凭借着自身良好的经济环境和工业基础,不仅完成了繁重的援助项目建设任务,同时还提供相应的成套设备、提供技术支持、培养外国实习生,在中国对外援助事业中扮演了不可或缺的角色。本文主要从援建几内亚卷烟火柴厂、在沪培训马里卷烟厂实习生两个案例出发,运用档案资料和相关辅助材料,分析60至70年代上海对西非地区进行经济援助的情况、遇到的问题、所得成果和启示,最后总结上海对西非援助经验及其中国援助非洲政策间的良好互动,以期进一步细化中国援助非洲政策演变的研究。论文正文分为四章,第一章主要阐述了在20世纪中叶,中国在国际上面临美国、苏联两面受敌的尴尬境地,在美苏争霸的两极格局下,为了打开外交局面,结合非洲民族解放运动高潮,中方于60年代逐步增加了对非洲国家的援助力度。根据非洲国家的具体国情,中国开展了以成套项目援助为主的多种方式,而上海凭借较为发达的轻工业基础,成为国家援非事业中的主力。第二章从经济建设援助角度出发,主要论述了中方援助几内亚建设卷烟火柴联合工厂项目,这是中国援助非洲首个成套项目建设,由上海多个部门统筹参与。由于缺乏经验与必要的信息,加之考虑到政治因素,造成了许多问题。例如,筹备阶段物资严重积压,设备不适合当地使用,建设后追求数量而忽略生产率,投产后多年仍然“包生产”,未能真正实现“令几方自给自足”的目的。第三章从技术援助角度出发,阐述马里卷烟厂实习生来沪培训的详细情况。上海卷烟厂从技术培训到生活细节,均给予了充分的重视和周密的计划准备,尽心尽责,很好地完成了培训工作,但在过程中也反映出翻译不足、文化差异、政治意识形态浓厚、相应配套机制未能及时完善等细节问题。第四章论述了上海在援外工作中的得失在日后为国家制定、完善对外援助政策提供了宝贵的案例经验,使得援外实践项目和制定对外援助政策之间形成了良好的循环互动,促进中非经济关系的主要内容由单方面援助转向互利合作的动态发展。
[Abstract]:From 20th century to 70s, China provided a large amount of selfless aid to relevant African countries in a variety of ways, mainly in complete sets of project aid. Shanghai, as one of the most developed cities in China at that time, was one of the most developed cities in China at that time. In line with national policies and policies, with their own favorable economic environment and industrial foundation, they have not only completed the heavy task of building aid projects, but also provided corresponding complete sets of equipment, provided technical support, and trained foreign interns. It has played an indispensable role in China's foreign aid business. This paper mainly starts from the two cases of aiding the establishment of the Guinea cigarette match factory and training the intern of Mali cigarette factory in Shanghai, using the archives and related supporting materials. This paper analyzes the situation of Shanghai's economic aid to West Africa from 60 to 70s, the problems encountered, the achievements and enlightenment, and finally summarizes the good interaction between Shanghai's aid experience to West Africa and China's aid to Africa. In order to further refine the evolution of China's aid policy to Africa. The main body of the thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter mainly expounds that in the middle of 20th century, China was confronted with the embarrassment of the United States and the Soviet Union in the face of the enemy in the world, in order to open up the diplomatic situation under the bipolar pattern of the United States and the Soviet Union fighting for hegemony. In the light of the climax of the African National Liberation Movement, on 60s, China gradually increased its assistance to African countries. According to the specific conditions of African countries, China has launched a variety of ways to give priority to complete sets of project aid. Shanghai, by virtue of its relatively developed light industry, has become the main force in state aid to Africa. In the second chapter, from the point of view of economic construction assistance, we mainly discuss the project of China's assistance to Guinea for the construction of a joint cigarette match factory, which is the first complete set of projects for China's aid to Africa. Involving a number of departments in Shanghai as a whole. Due to the lack of experience and the necessary information, and taking into account political factors, many problems have arisen. For example, the material backlog in the preparatory phase is heavy and the equipment is not suitable for local use. After construction, the pursuit of quantity and neglect of productivity, after years of production still "package production", failed to truly achieve the "self-sufficiency of several parties." The third chapter, from the point of view of technical assistance, expounds the details of the training of interns from the Malian cigarette factory to Shanghai. From the technical training to the details of daily life, the Shanghai cigarette factory has given full attention and careful planning preparation, and has done its utmost to fulfill its responsibilities. The training has been completed well, but it also reflects the problems of insufficient translation, cultural differences, strong political ideology, and the failure of the corresponding supporting mechanism to perfect the relevant mechanism in time. Chapter 4th discusses the success and loss of Shanghai's foreign aid work in the future, which provides valuable case experience for the country to formulate and perfect the foreign aid policy, and makes a good circular interaction between the foreign aid practice project and the formulation of foreign aid policy. The main content of promoting economic relations between China and Africa has shifted from unilateral aid to the dynamic development of mutually beneficial cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K27

【引证文献】