清季预备立宪时期吏部的裁撤及其主要原因

发布时间：2018-03-07 20:59

本文选题：清朝　切入点：宪政　出处：《西南大学学报(社会科学版)》2016年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：清季预备立宪时期,作为"六官之长"、"体制本崇"的吏部却处在风口浪尖。或撤并,或保留,或缓裁,或改名,各种主张不一而足。由于各种矛盾的存在和诸多现实问题的考量,几经周折,到1911年,吏部终于被撤销。其原有主要职能归入内阁,另一部分则陆续被分割到地方和其他中央部门。吏部暂时存留和最终撤销的结局是由多种因素促成的。与明朝吏部相比,清朝吏部的人事权大大萎缩,其职权先天不足;吏部对中下级官员采用掣签法铨选很难做到人地相宜,铨选制度存在先天缺陷。清季筹备宪政时期,裁撤吏部也是仿效外国宪政制度、利益势力彼此博弈和吏部权力日益蚕食的直接结果。1910年败露的贿买知县案则加速了吏部的裁撤。
[Abstract]:In the preparatory constitutional period of the Qing Dynasty, as the "chief of the six officials", the official department of "the system is worshipped" was at the forefront of the wind. Either it was removed from the union, or it was retained, or it was delayed, or changed its name. Because of the existence of various contradictions and the consideration of many practical problems, due to numerous difficulties, by 1911, the official Department was finally abolished. Its original main functions were assigned to the Cabinet. The other part was divided into local and other central departments one after another. The result of temporary retention and final abolition of the official department was caused by many factors. Compared with the official department of Ming Dynasty, the administrative power of the official department of the Qing Dynasty shrank greatly, and its natural power was insufficient. It is very difficult for the Ministry of officials to choose the lower and middle officials by casting lots and signing a lot. The election system of the Civil Service is inherently flawed. During the preparation for constitutionalism in the Qing Dynasty, the abolition of the Ministry of Civil Service was also to follow the example of the foreign constitutionalism system. Interest forces play games with each other and the power of the Ministry of officials is increasingly encroaching on the direct result. In 1910, the case of bribery and purchase of the prefectures accelerated the abolition of the Department of officials.
【作者单位】：南华大学政治与公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“文官保举与晚清政治变革研究”(11BZS057),项目负责人:肖宗志
【分类号】：K257.5

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