李鸿章形象研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 10:40

本文选题：李鸿章　切入点：李鸿章形象　出处：《华中师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文梳理了百多年来人们对李鸿章的评价,较真实地再现不同时期的李鸿章形象及李鸿章形象的变化过程,并分析了影响李鸿章形象变化的因素。清末各政治群体对李鸿章评价各异。在朝廷的眼中,李鸿章是忠臣,清流派却认为李鸿章是奸臣。然而,他们在庚子事变后却称赞李鸿章的内政和外交功绩。洋务派认同李鸿章的“忠臣”形象,但与朝廷和清流派不同,他们着重肯定李鸿章所办洋务的功绩。维新派虽然对李鸿章颇有微词,但基本肯定了李鸿章是个正面人物。革命派全面否定李鸿章,认为他是“汉奸”。民国遗民型学者延续了鉴戒史学对李鸿章的评价,认为他是个“忠臣”。近代化论者坚持李鸿章领导的洋务运动促进了中国的近代化事业,是中国近代化的先声。而与此观点相对立的马克思主义学者却抨击李鸿章是“万恶的民贼”、“反革命的魁首”、“满洲人的奴才”、“永远的投降派”。1949年以后马克思主义学者支配史坛,李鸿章成为“卖国贼”,直到20世纪80年代末李鸿章形象被重塑,成为中国“迈向现代化的第一人”。从清末、民国到新中国,李鸿章形象的变化很大。笔者认为影响李鸿章形象的因素有三个,政治因素、价值观变化和史学理论与方法的变化,并逐一进行了较深刻地分析。结语探讨了李鸿章形象的塑造过程中存在的一些问题,通过对这些问题的思考,对历史人物评价的理论与方法进行重新的认识,并对人物评价未来的发展进行展望。
[Abstract]:This paper combs the people's evaluation of Li Hongzhang for more than a hundred years, reproduces the changing process of Li Hongzhang image and Li Hongzhang image in different periods, and analyzes the factors that influence the change of Li Hongzhang image. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, various political groups had different comments on Li Hongzhang. In the eyes of the imperial court, Li Hongzhang was a loyal minister, while the Qing school considered Li Hongzhang to be a traitor. However, After the Gengzi incident, they praised Li Hongzhang for his domestic and diplomatic achievements. Westernists agreed with Li Hongzhang's "loyal minister" image, but unlike the imperial court and the Qing school, They emphasized on the merits of Li Hongzhang's Westernization work. Although the reformists had a lot of disapproval of Li Hongzhang, they basically affirmed that Li Hongzhang was an upright figure. The revolutionaries completely denied Li Hongzhang. He was regarded as a "traitors". The relic scholars of the Republic of China continued to judge Li Hongzhang as a "loyal minister" in the historiography of the Republic of China. The modernization theorists insisted that the Westernization Movement led by Li Hongzhang had promoted the cause of modernization in China. The Marxist scholars opposed to this view criticized Li Hongzhang for being the "villain of all evils", "the leader of the counter-revolution", "the slave of the Manchuria" and "the forever capitulationist". After 1949, Marxist scholars dominated the history world. Li Hongzhang became a traitor until the end of 1980s when Li Hongzhang's image was reshaped and China became the first man to move toward modernization. From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China to New China, Li Hongzhang's image has changed greatly. The author thinks that there are three factors that influence the image of Li Hongzhang: political factor, value change and the change of historical theory and method, and makes a deep analysis one by one. The conclusion discusses some problems existing in the process of creating Li Hongzhang's image, through the reflection of these problems, the author reunderstands the theory and method of historical character evaluation, and looks forward to the future development of character evaluation.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K256

【引证文献】