“惠工”福利何以成“祸工”之举——1924年祥经厂女工宿舍大火及舆情反应

发布时间：2018-03-09 06:25

本文选题：祥经织绸厂　切入点：火灾　出处：《社会科学战线》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：文章从女工福利的角度,聚焦1924年上海祥经织绸厂火灾所引发的社会震动,再现惨剧之外的社会效应及舆情关注。作为一种福利设施,提供住宿成为吸引女工、提高企业竞争力的必要条件。但当时的住宿条件普遍较差,管理上漏洞百出。祥经织绸厂火灾使百余女工葬身火海,"如此浩劫,实所罕闻",不仅暴露出症结所在,而且引发强烈的社会震荡。官办"水电不良",成众矢之的。市民抬棺游行,商人罢市,由此演变成轰动一时的公共事件。虽然最终达成了闸北水电"收归商办"的愿望,但"惠工"福利反成"祸工"之举、"福利之殇",引起社会各界对女工权益保障的追问和反思。如何走出祥经织绸厂"福利之殇"的阴影,从更广泛的意义上推进包括长三角在内的近代中国惠工事业的发展,成为舆情关注的焦点。对此,时人提出了完善相关法律法规、尊重女工的基本人权以及执政当局、企业主增强责任意识等一系列建设性建议,以收亡羊补牢之效。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of the welfare of female workers, this paper focuses on the social shock caused by the fire at Shanghai Xiang Jingzhou Silk Factory in 1924, and reproduces the social effects and public opinion concern beyond the tragedy. As a welfare facility, the provision of accommodation has become an attraction to women workers. It was necessary to improve the competitiveness of enterprises. However, the accommodation conditions were generally poor at that time, and the management was full of flaws. The fire in the Xiangjing silk factory buried more than a hundred women workers in flames. "such a catastrophe is rare," which not only exposed the crux of the problem. And it triggered a strong social shock. The official "poor water and electricity" became the target of public criticism. The public paraded with the coffin, and the businessmen struck the city, which turned into a public event of a sensation. Although the desire of Zhabei hydropower to "return to the commercial office" was finally achieved, However, the welfare of "ex gratia workers" has turned into "evil labor" and "mourning of welfare", which has caused people from all walks of life to question and reflect on the protection of the rights and interests of women workers. In a broader sense, promoting the development of preferential work in modern China, including the Yangtze River Delta, has become the focus of public opinion. To this end, people put forward to perfect relevant laws and regulations, respect the basic human rights of women workers and the ruling authorities. A series of constructive suggestions, such as enhancing the sense of responsibility of business owners, can be made up for.
【作者单位】：苏州大学社会学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(09BZS046)
【分类号】：K262;C913.68

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