1937-1945年间日本对井陉煤矿的掠夺与“开发”研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 12:53

本文选题：抗日战争　切入点：井陉煤矿　出处：《河北师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在近代,煤炭作为当时世界工业的主要能源,是一切轻重工业和交通的主要原动力,更是战争中不可或缺的基本资源。1937-1945年日军侵华时期,亦将煤炭列为其重要的掠夺物资。本文以这一时期日军对井陉煤矿的占领为研究对象,重点介绍了日军对井陉煤矿的占领过程、掠夺破坏、开发管理等内容。研究这一问题,有利于我们更加清楚的认识日军侵华的实质。本文分为四个部分对1937-1945年间日本对井陉煤矿的掠夺与开发进行研究：第一部分,主要介绍了日本对井陉煤矿的侵占与掠夺。战争中,日本对强粘结性烟煤的急需,使其觊觎井陉煤矿。随之展开对井陉煤矿的占领和掠夺,并分别于1937年10月11日和1938年5月13日占领井陉矿和正丰矿,随之展开了对井陉煤矿长达八年之久的掠夺破坏,共掠走井陉煤矿煤炭资源827.845万吨。第二部分,主要论述了日本对井陉煤矿的“开发”与管理。为了更多的掠夺井陉煤碳资源,日军制定详细的“开发”计划,对井陉矿、正丰矿分级组织管理,并改善交通条件、建立华北石炭贩卖股份有限公司及石家庄储煤场,日军从产、运、销等各个方面都对井陉煤矿进行改善,这些措施都是为了更多更迅速的掠夺煤炭资源。第三部分,主要揭露了日本对井陉矿工的高压统制与矿工的反抗斗争。日军在占领井陉煤矿的八年中,矿难频发,矿工死伤不断；日军还用汉奸和特务统制压迫工人,在这种高压统制下,井陉、正丰煤矿工人在中国共产党的领导下,走上了抗日的道路,开展了如火如荼的斗争。太平洋战争爆发后,日军加速掠夺井陉煤炭资源的同时,更加速了它的灭亡。随着国际国内形势的变化,井陉煤矿工人在井陉县党委的领导下坚持战斗,井陉煤矿最终回到了中国人民手中。第四部分,通过分析日本对井陉煤矿的掠夺破坏和“开发”管理,客观地看待历史问题。论文认为,日军在占领井陉、正丰煤矿初期,采取军事管理,垄断煤炭资源的开采,在严酷的管制下煤矿生产得以初步恢复；日军不断完善煤矿的交通运输网,也在客观上影响着煤矿周围的城市化进程。但是,日军的这些“开发”手段和措施都是以掠夺井陉煤炭资源为目的的,掠夺性开发贯穿于日军统治井陉煤矿的整个历史过程。
[Abstract]:In modern times, coal, as the main energy of the world industry at that time, was the main motive force for all light and heavy industries and transportation, and it was also an indispensable basic resource in the war. In this paper, the occupation of Jingxing Coal Mine by the Japanese Army during this period is taken as the research object, and the contents of the occupation process, plunder and destruction, development and management of Jingxing Coal Mine by the Japanese Army are introduced emphatically. This will help us to understand the essence of the Japanese invasion of China more clearly. This paper is divided into four parts to study the plundering and development of Jingxing Coal Mine in Japan from 1937-1945. The first part mainly introduces Japan's occupation and plunder of Jingxing Coal Mine. During the war, Japan urgently needed strong binder bituminous coal, making it covet Jingxing Coal Mine. With it, Jingxing Coal Mine was occupied and plundered. In October 11th 1937 and May 13th 1938, they occupied Jingxing Coal Mine and Zhengfeng Mine respectively, and then carried out the plunder and destruction of Jingxing Coal Mine for eight years, taking away eight million two hundred and seventy-eight thousand and four hundred and fifty tons of coal resources in Jingxing Coal Mine. The second part mainly discusses the "development" and management of Jingxing coal mine in Japan. In order to plunder Jingxing coal resources more, the Japanese army formulated detailed "development" plans, organized and managed Jingxing Coal Mine and Zhengfeng Mine. And improve the traffic conditions, establish North China Carboniferous Trading Co., Ltd. and Shijiazhuang coal storage yard, the Japanese army from the production, transportation, marketing and other aspects of Jingxing coal mine improvement, these measures are aimed at more and more rapid exploitation of coal resources. The third part mainly reveals the Japanese oppressive control over Jingxing miners and the struggle against the miners. During the eight years of occupation of Jingxing Coal Mine, the Japanese army suffered frequent mine accidents and miners were killed and injured. The Japanese army also used traitors and secret agents to oppress the workers. Under this kind of high-pressure control, Jingxing, Zhengfeng coal miners, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, embarked on the road of resistance against Japan and launched a raging struggle. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the Japanese army accelerated the plundering of Jingxing coal resources at the same time. As the international and domestic situation changed, Jingxing coal miners under the leadership of the Jingxing county party committee insisted on fighting, and Jingxing coal mine finally returned to the hands of the Chinese people. In the 4th part, through the analysis of Japan's plundering and destruction of Jingxing Coal Mine and the management of "development", the historical problems are viewed objectively. The paper holds that in the early days of Jingxing, Zhengfeng Coal Mine, the Japanese army adopted military management, monopolized the exploitation of coal resources, and the coal production was initially restored under the harsh control, and the Japanese army continued to improve the transportation network of the coal mines. It also affects the urbanization process around the coal mine objectively. However, the Japanese army's "exploitation" means and measures are all aimed at plundering Jingxing coal resources, and the predatory development runs through the whole historical process of the Japanese army ruling Jingxing coal mine.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K265

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