陕西省农业改进所研究（1938-1945）

发布时间：2018-03-14 21:23

本文选题：陕西省农业改进所　切入点：试验研究　出处：《陕西师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：抗战全面爆发后,南京国民政府为了保证全国军粮民食的供给,一方面将中央各机关进行调整、裁并,成立了经济部,内设农林司负责全国的农林工作,具体的事务则由中央农业实验所和农产促进委员会及其直属的农业试验机关进行。另一方面,还指示各地方政府,集中人力、物力成立统一的农事机关,而陕西省农业改进所正是在这种情况下应运而生的。该所是抗战时期陕西省唯一的一个农业科研并行政机构,在陕西农业走向现代化的过程中起着非常重要的作用。但是到目前为止,学术界还没有对此进行一个全面系统的研究,所以,本文试图利用陕西省档案馆所藏的关于陕西省农业改进所的相关档案资料进行一个系统的分析,以探讨其在当时的发展状况,以及对当今社会的借鉴意义。本文主要分为绪论、正文、结语三大块。绪论部分,主要概述了当前学术界对于农业改进所这一机构的研究现状以及本文的研究方法、特色和思路。第一章主要介绍了陕农所成立的历史背景,包括国内环境和省内状况。第二章通过对陕农所组织机构、组织规程、人员构成、经费分配等问题的研究,将其基本的轮廓勾勒出来。第三章则重点从农业、林业、畜牧兽医三个方面介绍陕农所的业务活动,其中还突出了其在农业推广方面的成就。第四章对抗日战争时期的陕农所进行了一个历史定位,在肯定其成绩的同时,也分析了不足,并对当今我国农业的发展提出了一些建议。最后结语部分再次将本文对陕农所的考察进行了综合论述。本文认为,陕西省农业改进所作为抗日战争时期陕西省唯一的一个农业科研并行政机构,立足丁抗战,立足于全省,克服多种困难,从多个方面展开工作。它不仅进行了大量的试验研究,同时还通过建立一套规范的组织系统,进行了广泛的推广,对全国抗战以及陕西农业的现代化发展都有着极其重要的意义。然而,受到战争环境的影响,该所在发展过程中始终受到人才、经费的限制,也出现了发展不均衡等一些问题,这些都使得其实际成绩受到了影响。所以,今天我们在大力推进我国社会主义现代化建设的同时,应该以史为鉴,取长避短,密切注意农业调查、农业生产和农业推广之间的关系,真正实现我国农业的全面、协调、可持续发展。
[Abstract]:After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Nanjing National Government, in order to ensure the supply of military grain and civilian food throughout the country, on the one hand, adjusted the organs of the central government, cut them out, and set up a Ministry of Economic Affairs, with a Department of Agriculture and Forestry in charge of the work of agriculture and forestry throughout the country. Specific affairs are carried out by the Central Agricultural Laboratory and the Agricultural Product Promotion Committee and its directly affiliated agricultural experimental organs. On the other hand, local governments are instructed to pool manpower and material resources to set up a unified agricultural organ. The Shaanxi Institute for Agricultural improvement came into being in this situation. It was the only agricultural research and administrative institution in Shaanxi Province during the War of Resistance against Japan. It plays a very important role in the process of modernization of agriculture in Shaanxi. But so far, the academic circles have not carried out a comprehensive and systematic research on it, so, This paper attempts to make a systematic analysis of the relevant archives of Shaanxi Provincial Agricultural improvement Institute, collected by the Archives of Shaanxi Province, in order to discuss its development situation at that time and its significance for reference to the present society. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction part mainly summarizes the current research situation of agricultural improvement institute in academic circles and the research methods of this paper. The first chapter mainly introduces the historical background of the establishment of Shannong Institute, including the domestic environment and the situation in the province. The third chapter focuses on introducing the business activities of Shaanxi Agricultural Institute from three aspects: agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and veterinary medicine. Among them, it also highlights its achievements in agricultural extension. Chapter 4th makes a historical positioning of the Shaanxi Peasant Institute during the War of Resistance against Japan. While affirming its achievements, it also analyzes its shortcomings. Some suggestions are put forward for the development of agriculture in our country. As the only agricultural scientific research and administrative institution in Shaanxi Province during the War of Resistance against Japan, the Agricultural improvement Institute of Shaanxi Province, based on the War of Resistance against Japan and the whole province, has overcome many difficulties. It has not only carried out a large number of experiments and studies, but also carried out extensive popularization through the establishment of a standardized organizational system. It is of great significance to the national war of resistance and the modernization of agriculture in Shaanxi. However, under the influence of the war environment, the institute has always been restricted by talents and funds in the course of its development, and there have been some problems such as uneven development. All this has affected its actual achievements. Therefore, while vigorously promoting the socialist modernization drive in China today, we should take history as a mirror, take the long term to avoid shortcomings, and pay close attention to agricultural investigations. The relationship between agricultural production and agricultural extension really realizes the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of our country's agriculture.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K265

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