1926年到1931年国民政府的革命外交

发布时间：2018-03-15 06:10

本文选题：广州国民政府　切入点：武汉国民政府　出处：《安徽大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 孙中山的三民主义有一个发展的过程,孙中山在最初的三民主义中提出了民族主义、民生主义和民主主义。民族主义以解决中国的独立问题,民生主义以解决中国的富强问题,民主主义以解决中国的民主问题,后来在共产国际和中国共产党的帮助下,孙中山对三民主义进行了重新的解释,把旧三民主义发展成新三民主义,广州、武汉国民政府是在国共合作这一大背景下形成的,广州、武汉国民政府在外交上以孙中山的三民主义特别是民族主义为指导,形成了激烈型的革命外交政策。广州、武汉国民政府在革命外交政策的指导下与以英国为代表的列强进行了斗争,争取到了一些权益,例如收回海关附加税,收回了汉口、九江英租界等。南京国民政府初期也以孙中山的三民主义特别是民族主义为指导,在外交部长王正廷的主持下,围绕废除不平等条约开展了一场温和型的革命外交运动。南京国民政府首先和列强就关税主权进行了交涉,由于英、美等列强已经准备给予中国关税主权,所以南京国民政府迅速和英、美等列强签订了给予中国关税主权的新的关税条约,但日本表示反对。在其他列强已经给予中国关税主权的情况下,经过中日双方的艰难谈判,日本终于同意给予中国关税主权。在领事裁判权谈判中,开始列强采取拖延谈判的办法,在国民政府特令发布后,谈判加速,正当领事裁判权谈判出现转折的时候,日本发动了九一八事件,领事裁判权谈判被迫暂时停止。另外南京国民政府通过和列强的谈判收回了天津比利时租界、镇江和厦门的英租界等租界。总之,经过和列强的艰苦谈判,南京国民政府收回了关税主权,收回了部分租界与租借地等,但南京国民政府初期的这场外交运动也具有不彻底性。
[Abstract]:Sun Zhongshan's three people's principles have a process of development. In the initial three people's principles, Sun Zhongshan put forward nationalism, people's livelihood and democracy, nationalism to solve China's independence problem, and people's livelihood doctrine to solve China's problem of prosperity and strength. Democracy solved China's democratic problems. Later, with the help of the Communist International and the CPC, Sun Zhongshan reinterpreted the three people's principles and developed the old three people's principles into the new three people's principles, Guangzhou. The National Government of Wuhan was formed under the background of the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. In its diplomacy, the National Government of Guangzhou and Wuhan, guided by Sun Zhongshan's three people's principles, especially nationalism, formed a revolutionary foreign policy of a fierce nature. Under the guidance of revolutionary foreign policy, Wuhan National Government fought against the Great Powers represented by Britain and gained some rights and interests, such as collecting the additional customs tax, recovering Hankou and Jiujiang British concession and so on. In the early days, the Nanjing National Government was also guided by Sun Zhongshan's three people's principles, especially nationalism, under the auspices of Foreign Minister Wang Zhengting. A moderate revolutionary diplomatic campaign was launched around the abolition of unequal treaties. The Nanjing National Government first negotiated with the foreign powers on tariff sovereignty, as Britain, the United States and other powers were ready to grant China tariff sovereignty. Therefore, the Nanjing National Government quickly signed a new tariff treaty with Britain, the United States and other foreign powers to grant China tariff sovereignty, but Japan expressed its opposition. Under the circumstances that other powers have already granted China tariff sovereignty, after difficult negotiations between China and Japan, Japan finally agreed to grant China tariff sovereignty. In the negotiation of consular jurisdiction, the powers began to adopt the method of delaying the negotiations. After the special order of the National Government was issued, the negotiations accelerated, while the negotiation of consular jurisdiction took a turning point. Japan launched the 918 incident, and the negotiations on consular jurisdiction were temporarily suspended. In addition, through negotiations with foreign powers, the Nanjing National Government withdrew concessions such as the Belgian concession in Tianjin, the British concession in Zhenjiang and Xiamen, etc. In short, After hard negotiation with the great powers, the Nanjing National Government withdrew its tariff sovereignty and some concessions and leased lands, but the diplomatic movement in the initial period of the Nanjing National Government was not thorough.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K263

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