鸦片战争前后广西粮食亩产值差异研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 21:24

本文选题：鸦片战争前后　切入点：广西　出处：《广西师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：一个地区的粮食亩产值,可以在一定程度上反映出这个地区的农业经济发展水平。在中国古代农业是最主要的经济部门,因此一个地区古代的农业经济水平在一定程度上也代表着这个地区整个的经济发展水平。鸦片战争前后的广西同其他地区一样,开始逐步向近代化方向发展。本文通过对清代道光朝广西十二个府(直隶州)的粮食亩产量进行详细而准确的估算,以及对广西道光朝各府粮食价格进行计算,最后较为精确的计算出鸦片战争前后广西各府的粮食亩产值。以期能真实的反映出这一时期广西的农业发展水平。此外,通过相关研究,笔者认为这一时期广西粮食亩产值的变化波动也与道光末年广西的社会变动有着重要的联系。本文共分为六个部分第一部分绪论,对中国古代粮食亩产研究的学术史进行了整理和总结,提出本文的选题缘由,并对研究意义、研究思路和方法进行阐述。第二部分是对鸦片战争前后广西各府的粮食亩产量进行估算。通过尽量多的搜集清代广西各个县的亩产量数据,以此为基础,结合各地区地理气候条件,分别估测出清代广西下辖的十二个府即桂林府、柳州府、庆远府、思恩府、平乐府、梧州府、浔州府、南宁府、太平府、郁林直隶州、泗城府、镇安府的平均粮食亩产量。第三部分是对鸦片战争前后广西各府平均粮食价格的计算。对粮食亩产值的考察,除了粮食亩产量,另一个重要的部分就是粮食价格。由中国社会科学院经济研究所编辑整理的《清代道光至宣统间粮价表》提供了清道光至宣统年间一系列详细而完整的粮食价格数据。通过利用《清代道光至宣统间粮价表》中有关广西道光朝完整而详细的粮食价格数据,分别用两种不同的数学方法精确计算出广西十二个府、州在道光朝时期的粮食平均价格。第四部分是以比较视角来观察鸦片战争前后广西的粮食亩产值。首先进行广西省区域内十二府州之间的比较,以了解鸦片战争前后广西各府的农业发展水平状况。其次,将整个广西的粮食亩产值与同时期的江南进行比较,了解同时期广西亩产值在全国的水平情况。最后,再将广西的粮食亩产量与工业革命时期的英国相比。第五部分是考察鸦片战争前后广西粮食亩产值的波动同当时广西社会变动的联系。由于气候的变迁、生态环境的改变等等因素导致道光朝广西的粮食亩产值呈下降趋势,致使道光末年广西成为清政府民变频发的重灾区。通过对粮食亩产值的变化与民变次数的统计分析认为,粮食亩产值的变动是道光末期广西社会动荡的重要原因之一。第六部分是对文章进行总结,重述结论。
[Abstract]:The output value of grain acres in a region can to some extent reflect the level of agricultural economic development in this region. In ancient China, agriculture was the most important economic sector. Therefore, the ancient agricultural economic level of a region also represents to a certain extent the entire level of economic development in this region. Before and after the Opium War, Guangxi was the same as other regions. In this paper, the grain yield per mu of the twelve provinces of Guangxi (Zhili state) in Qing Dynasty was estimated in detail and accurately, and the grain prices of the provinces of Daoguang in Guangxi were calculated. Finally, the output value of grain acres of Guangxi provinces before and after the Opium War was calculated more accurately, in order to truly reflect the level of agricultural development in Guangxi during this period. In addition, through relevant research, The author thinks that the fluctuation of grain output value in Guangxi during this period is also closely related to the social change in the last year of Daoguang. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part introduces the academic history of the study of grain yield per mu in ancient China, puts forward the reason of this paper, and expounds the significance of the research, research ideas and methods. The second part is to estimate the yield per mu of Guangxi provinces before and after the Opium War. Through collecting as much data as possible from the counties of Guangxi in Qing Dynasty, on this basis, combining the geographical and climatic conditions of various regions, It was estimated that the average grain yield per mu of the 12 provinces under Guangxi jurisdiction in Qing Dynasty were Guilin, Liuzhou, Qingyuan, Sien, Pingle, Wuzhou, Xunzhou, Nanning, Taiping, Yu Zhili, Sichengfu and Zhenan. The third part is the calculation of the average grain prices of Guangxi provinces before and after the Opium War. Another important part is grain price. The list of Grain prices between Daoguang and Xuantong in the Qing Dynasty, edited by the Institute of Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, provides a series of detailed and complete grain prices during the period from Qing Dynasty to Xuantong. Data. By using the complete and detailed grain price data from Daoguang to Xuantong in the Qing Dynasty, Daoguang, Guangxi, Two different mathematical methods were used to calculate the average prices of grain in 12 prefectures and prefectures of Guangxi during the period of Daoguang dynasty. The 4th part is to observe the grain output value of Guangxi before and after the Opium War from a comparative perspective. Firstly, a comparison was made between the 12 prefectures in Guangxi Province, in order to understand the level of agricultural development in Guangxi provinces before and after the Opium War. Secondly, This paper compares the output value of grain mu of the whole Guangxi with that of the south of the Yangtze River in the same period, and finds out the national level of the output value of Guangxi in the same period. Finally, the grain output per mu of Guangxi is compared with that of Britain in the period of industrial revolution. The 5th part is to investigate the relation between the fluctuation of Guangxi grain mu output value before and after the Opium War and the social changes of Guangxi at that time. Due to the change of climate, the change of ecological environment and other factors, the output value of grain mu of Daoguang in Guangxi shows a downward trend. Through the statistical analysis of the change of grain output value and the times of civil revolt, it is concluded that the change of grain mu output value is one of the important reasons for the social unrest in Guangxi at the end of Daoguang. Part 6th summarizes the article and restates the conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F329;K25

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