中国共产党中农政策的演变及其启示（1949年-1966年）

发布时间：2018-03-18 16:42

本文选题：中国共产党　切入点：中农政策　出处：《苏州大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 2002年11月,在中国共产党的第十六次全国代表大会报告中,江泽民代表党中央阐述了“以共同富裕为目标,扩大社会中等收入者的比重,提高低收入者收入水平”的思想。改革开放前,中农作为建国后农村社会结构中的中间阶层,其发展的状况对农村经济繁荣、社会稳定起着至关重要的作用。通过对中国共产党在建国后制定的一系列农村政策的研究,找出党对中农政策的演变,梳理出建国后中农政策的脉络,对于现阶段扩大中等收入者的比重有很强的借鉴意义。新中国的成立至社会之主义改造前,中国共产党采取了保存富农经济的政策,中农利益得到了很好的保护,“富农站岗,中农睡觉”是这一时期中农政策最鲜明的写照;社会主义改造时期,中农阶层所占比重不断增加,党又重新对中农政策进行调整,依靠对象的内涵发生了变化,老中农、新中农都成为依靠对象,后期随着社会主义改造进程的不断加快,中农的利益在现实中很难得到保障;1956年至1966年社会主义建设初期,由于受到“大跃进”、“左”倾思潮的影响,社会主义教育运动的不断深入,富裕中农遭到批判,党又重新划分阶级,中农利益被严重的损害,阶级斗争也在不断扩大,最终导致文化大革命;通过对建国后中国共产党中农政策演变过程中出现问题的研究,我们得到了很多的启示:如何做好让一部分人先富起来;扩大中等收入者的比重;依靠大多数的群众;政策制定的合理性与政策执行的有效性;政策的制定必须与现实相结合。中农政策作为农村发展史中一个重要的内容,反映了党在建国后面对不同的境况制定对应政策的能力。中农政策的演变过程中,有的政策影响是积极的,有的政策作用是消极的,只有有效地吸收和借鉴好的政策经验,从中国共产党中农政策的失误中得以启示,对于我们建设社会主义新农村、构建和谐社会才会有更大的贡献。
[Abstract]:In November 2002, in the report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Jiang Zemin, on behalf of the Party Central Committee, stated that "the goal of common prosperity is to expand the proportion of middle income people in society." Before the reform and opening up to the outside world, the middle peasants, as the middle class in the rural social structure after the founding of the people's Republic of China, developed in a state of prosperity for the rural economy. Social stability plays a vital role. Through the study of a series of rural policies formulated by the Communist Party of China after the founding of the people's Republic of China, we can find out the evolution of the Party's policy towards the middle peasants, and sort out the context of the policies of the middle peasants after the founding of the people's Republic of China. For the current expansion of the proportion of middle-income people have a strong reference significance. Before the founding of New China and the transformation of social doctrine, the Communist Party of China adopted the policy of preserving the rich peasants' economy, and the interests of the middle peasants were well protected. "the rich peasants stand guard, the middle peasants sleep" is the most vivid portrayal of the policies of the middle peasants in this period. During the period of socialist transformation, the proportion of the middle peasant class increased continuously, the party readjusted the middle peasant policy, and the connotation of the object of reliance changed. Both the old middle peasant and the new middle peasant became the objects of dependence. As the process of socialist transformation continued to accelerate in the later period, the interests of the middle peasants could hardly be safeguarded in reality. During the initial period of socialist construction from 1956 to 1966, the interests of the middle peasants were affected by the "Great Leap forward" and the "left" trend of thought. With the deepening of the socialist education movement, the rich middle peasants were criticized, the Party reclassified the classes, the interests of the middle peasants were seriously damaged, and the class struggle was constantly expanding, which eventually led to the Cultural Revolution. Through the study of the problems in the process of the evolution of the middle peasant policy of the Communist Party of China after the founding of the people's Republic of China, we have got a lot of enlightenment: how to make some people rich first, enlarge the proportion of the middle income people, rely on the majority of the masses; The rationality of policy making and the effectiveness of policy implementation must be combined with reality. As an important content in the history of rural development, the middle peasant policy reflects the ability of the Party to formulate corresponding policies under different circumstances after the founding of the people's Republic of China. Some policy functions are negative. Only by absorbing and drawing on good policy experience effectively and enlightening from the mistakes of the CPC's middle peasant policy can we make greater contributions to the construction of a new socialist countryside and the construction of a harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K27

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