民国时期汉口堆栈业研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 15:48

  本文选题：堆栈业　切入点：客商　出处：《华中师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：汉口是一个典型的商业型城市,而堆栈业的繁荣是一个商业中心城市具备强大辐射性必不可少的条件。汉口堆栈业于民国初年兴起,其发展经历了“兼业”—“专业”—“并业”三个阶段。并且,多元化的发展路径促进了汉口堆栈业的繁荣。为了适应商业发展的需要,堆栈业从栈房的开设、组织结构、职员管理和业务职能都建立了相应的制度,采取了一定措施。民国时期汉口堆栈业已建立了明确的经营范围、业务种类、栈租等。 堆栈业组织功能的完善使得客商对堆栈的依赖性日渐加强,特别是在1927年以后,堆栈业与银行的合作在很大程度上解决了客商资金周转的困难。堆栈业逐渐成为汉口商业运作不可或缺的一部分。客商贩运货物到汉,均先将货物存入堆栈,这成为了一种固定的模式。汉口的客商与堆栈二者密不可分,相互依赖,呈现一种共生的状态。在客商与堆栈业共生的这种固定模式中,客商获得商品保管、资金融通、保险、搬运、买卖等各方面的便利,从而减少了异地间贸易的阻碍,有利于加强汉口与腹地的联系,扩大汉口的腹地,促进口岸与腹地之间的商品流通。 汉口堆栈业的发展可谓历尽艰难。1927年以后,受到政治局势的影响,汉口的商业贸易疲滞,堆栈业面临着危机。因此,寻求银行的庇护成为堆栈业得以生存发展的一条重要途径。于是,堆栈商纷纷向寄存货物之商人介绍押款,代银行承做押款,进而与银行签订合约,发展成银行的特约堆栈。此外,码头纠纷是伴随堆栈业始终的一个重要阻碍因素。堆栈商为减少纠纷和码头工人的勒索,与码头势力、政府进行着艰辛的博弈,在维护自身利益的同时也为客商争取了实际利益。 总之,民国时期汉口堆栈业为寻求发展进行了艰难的探索,而探索的过程亦是自身业务不断完善和为客商提供更大便利的过程。并且,堆栈业的规模及资金融通的能力直接影响着汉口口岸与腹地之间的贸易规模。
[Abstract]:Hankou is a typical commercial city, and the prosperity of stack industry is an indispensable condition for a commercial center city to have strong radiation. Its development has experienced three stages of "concurrent business", "specialty" and "merger industry". Moreover, the diversified development path has promoted the prosperity of Hankou stack industry. Staff management and business functions have established the corresponding system and taken certain measures. During the period of the Republic of China Hankou stack has established a clear business scope business types stacks rent and so on. With the improvement of the organization function of the stack industry, the merchants' dependence on the stack is increasing, especially after 1927. The cooperation between the stack industry and the bank largely solved the difficulty of the merchant's capital flow. The stack industry gradually became an indispensable part of Hankou's business operation. When the merchants trafficked goods to the Han Dynasty, they first put the goods on the stack. This has become a fixed pattern. Hankou merchants and stacks are inseparable, interdependent, and present a symbiotic state. In this fixed mode of symbiosis between merchants and stacks, merchants obtain commodity custody, capital financing, and insurance. The convenience of handling, trading and so on reduces the obstruction of trade between different places, helps to strengthen the connection between Hankou and hinterland, expands the hinterland of Hankou, and promotes the circulation of commodities between ports and hinterlands. The development of Hankou stack industry has been difficult. After 1927, due to the influence of the political situation, Hankou's business and trade were weak, and the stack industry was facing a crisis. Seeking shelter from the bank became an important way for the stack industry to survive and develop. As a result, the stack merchants introduced the money to the merchants who deposited the goods, pledged the money on behalf of the bank, and signed contracts with the bank. What's more, wharf disputes are an important impediment to the stack industry all the time. Stack dealers play a hard game with wharf power to reduce disputes and extortion from dock workers. In the protection of their own interests, but also for the actual interests of the merchants. In short, during the Republic of China, Hankou stack industry made a difficult exploration for its development, and the process of exploration was also a process of continuous improvement of its own business and greater convenience for the merchants. The scale of stack industry and the ability of financing directly affect the scale of trade between Hankou port and hinterland.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F259.29;K258

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