南京国民政府时期的海军留学生

发布时间：2018-03-20 22:47

本文选题：南京国民政府　切入点：海军留学生　出处：《南京大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文从政治、军事、国际关系等角度切入,运用了大量资料,对南京国民政府时期派遣的海军留学生做了全面的考察,旨在揭示南京国民政府在错综复杂的国际环境中发展海军的努力以及海军留学生归国后在抗战、新中国成立、两岸海军建设中的作用。本文除导言与结论外,共分四章,导言主要阐述本文的选题缘由、题目界定、研究回顾、研究意义和研究方法等。第一章为民初政府的海军建设思想管窥。本章主要分析了民初政府的海军建设思想及对派遣海军留学生在思想上的认识,通过分析孙中山、蒋介石、陈绍宽等的海军建设思想,认为民初政府开始重视海军建设,并且认识到派遣海军留学生的重要性。第二章为太平洋战争爆发前南京国民政府海军留学生的派遣,本章主要探讨太平洋战争爆发前南京国民政府向英、日、德、美、意大利等国派遣的海军留学生。中英之间有着长期的海军合作关系,英方为扩大在华军事影响力和保持在中国东南沿海的贸易安全,在太平洋战争爆发前共接受了中方排出的7批共56名海军员生。1930年9月,中方向日方派出了8名海军留学生学习海军军需、鱼雷。此后,中日双方在订购军舰、派遣海军顾问、入学海军大学等方面继续保持合作,但随着中日关系的恶化,中日之间的军事合作计划也至此结束。中德之间由于存在特殊的经济、军事利益关系,计1935-1938年中方共向德国派出3批共19名海军员生学习快艇战术,4批28名海军员生(部分从英、意转学)学习潜艇战术。此后,由于德日关系的日益密切,中方海军员生被迫于1939年7月、9月分别回国。此外,南京国民政府分别于1929年8月、1933年11月向美国派出海图测量和电机工程共6名海军员生。1934年3月向意大利派遣6名海军员生,后转入德国学习潜艇。第三章为太平洋战争爆发后南京国民政府派遣的海军留学生。本章主要探讨太平洋战争爆发后,中美英战略同盟关系确立后,双方在各自战略利益的考虑下,中方以参战见习暨造船实习和接舰受训的方式向英、美两国所派遣的海军留学生。中方总计向英、美两国派遣了2000余名的海军官兵出国受训,这批海军官兵回国后虽未走向太平洋战场,但对战后国民政府海军的重建和国共两党的海军建设,仍作出了重要的贡献。第四章为海军留学生在抗战及两岸海军建设中的作用,本章旨在探讨南京国民政府所派遣的海军留学生回国后在抗战、新中国成立、及日后两岸海军建设中的作用。结语部分,主要综述了南京国民政府前后两期所派遣海军留学生,指出各国对南京国民政府海军留学生的培训是有所保留并另有他图,提出发展海军留学、研究海军留学史在当今仍具有现实意义。
[Abstract]:From the angle of politics, military affairs, international relations and so on, this paper makes a comprehensive investigation of the naval students sent by the Nanjing National Government, using a great deal of data. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the efforts of the Nanjing National Government to develop the navy in the complicated international environment and the role of the naval students in the War of Resistance against Japan, the founding of New China, and the building of the naval forces across the Taiwan Strait after returning home. This paper, in addition to the introduction and conclusion, is divided into four chapters. The introduction mainly elaborates the reason, the title definition, the research review, the research significance and the research method of this paper. The first chapter is a survey of the naval construction thought of the early Republic of China government. This chapter mainly analyzes the naval construction thought of the early Republic of China government and the understanding on the ideology of sending naval students abroad, through the analysis of Sun Zhongshan, Jiang Jieshi, Chen Shaokuan and other naval construction thought that the government began to attach importance to naval construction and recognized the importance of sending naval students. The second chapter is the dispatch of naval students from Nanjing National Government before the Pacific War. This chapter mainly discusses the Nanjing National Government to Britain, Japan, Germany and the United States before the Pacific War broke out. Naval students sent by Italy and other countries. China and the United Kingdom have a long-standing naval cooperation relationship. The British side is trying to expand its military influence in China and maintain trade security along the southeast coast of China. Before the Pacific War broke out, China accepted seven batches of 56 naval students from the Chinese side. In September 1930, China sent eight naval students to Japan to study naval supplies and torpedoes. Since then, China and Japan have been ordering warships and sending naval advisers. Admission to naval universities and other areas continues to maintain cooperation, but with the deterioration of Sino-Japanese relations, the military cooperation plan between China and Japan has come to an end. Due to the existence of special economic and military interests between China and Germany, From 1935 to 1938, the Chinese side sent three groups of 19 naval students to Germany to study fast boat tactics and 4 groups of 28 naval students (some of whom were transferred from Britain to Italy) to study submarine tactics. Since then, due to the increasingly close ties between Germany and Japan, Chinese naval personnel were forced to return home on July 1939 and September respectively. On August 1929 and November 1933, the Nanjing National Government sent six naval students to the United States for chart surveying and electrical engineering. On March 1934, the Nanjing National Government sent six naval students to Italy and then transferred to Germany to study submarines. The third chapter is the naval students sent by the Nanjing National Government after the Pacific War broke out. This chapter mainly discusses that after the Pacific War broke out, after the establishment of the strategic alliance between China and the United States, the two sides considered their respective strategic interests. China has sent naval students from the United States and the United States to Britain and the United States in the form of warship traineeships and shipbuilding training. In total, China and the United States have sent more than 2,000 naval officers and soldiers to the United States for training abroad. Although this group of naval officers and soldiers did not go to the Pacific battlefield after returning home, they still made important contributions to the naval reconstruction of the post-war national government and the naval construction of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China. Chapter 4th deals with the role of naval students in the War of Resistance against Japan and the building of naval forces across the Taiwan Strait. The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the role of the naval students sent by the Nanjing National Government in the War of Resistance against Japan, the founding of New China, and the future naval construction of the two sides of the strait. In the conclusion part, it summarizes the naval students sent by Nanjing National Government before and after two periods, points out that all countries have reservations about the training of naval students of Nanjing National Government and has other plans, and puts forward the development of naval study abroad. It is still of practical significance to study the history of studying in the navy.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K262.9

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