关于甲午陆战研究中几个问题的辨析
发布时间:2018-03-26 11:04
本文选题:甲午战争 切入点:平壤战役 出处:《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年03期
【摘要】:认真辨析相关史料,我们就会发现,甲午战争研究中过去曾被定案的某些史实,如今似有重新提起讨论的必要。以第一阶段的平壤战役为例。清军前敌统帅叶志超稍作抵抗,便弃城逃回国内。对此,学界的主流观点是:当时平壤城内军储充足,叶志超宣称装备不足,是为临阵脱逃开脱罪责。然而认真检讨平壤城内清军弹药给养,可知,叶志超所陈并非虚言,清军的确没有做好备战。再如,依克唐阿历来被认为是怯战将领,可史料显示,他的部队武器装备之差,根本无法应对当时战争的需要。而徐邦道,历来被认为是敢于抵抗的将领。可仔细考察便知,此人军事素养较差,算不上称职的将领,根本不能承担前敌重任。说清政府要为甲午陆战失败承担责任,这一点也不为过。但具体下来,究竟是政府中哪些人应该负责?要负怎样的责任?甲午陆战失败是由于前线将领的贪生怕死?还是后方决策者的政策失误?这些都需要对史料做艰苦的考索才能给予说明。
[Abstract]:Through careful analysis of relevant historical materials, we will find that some historical facts in the study of the Sino-Japanese War in the past that have been finalized in the past seem to need to be revisited now. Take the first stage of the Pyongyang campaign as an example. Ye Zhichao, former enemy commander-in-chief of the Qing army, slightly resisted. He abandoned the city and fled back to the country. In this regard, the mainstream view of the academic community was: at that time, there were sufficient military reserves in Pyongyang, and Ye Zhichao declared that he was not equipped enough to exonerate himself from the crime of escaping. However, a careful review of the supply of ammunition for the Qing army in Pyongyang shows that. Ye Zhichao's remarks are not false, and the Qing army really did not prepare for war. Again, Ike Tanga has always been regarded as a shyly general, but historical data show that his troops' weapons and equipment were not good enough to cope with the needs of the war at that time. And Xu Bangdao, He was always considered a general who dared to resist. But a careful examination showed that this man was not a competent general in military quality and could not bear the heavy responsibility of his former enemy. He said that the Qing government should bear the responsibility for the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War of 1895. It's not too much. But in particular, who in the government should be responsible? What is the responsibility? The defeat of the Sino-Japanese Army War was due to the fear of death of the front-line generals? Or the policy mistakes of policy makers in the rear? These all need to make a painstaking examination of historical data to give explanation.
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