清末民初丁义华在华活动述论

发布时间：2018-03-28 10:23

本文选题：清末民初　切入点：丁义华　出处：《天津师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：清末民初是近代中国社会政治动荡、思想意识活跃的一个时期。鸦片战争的战败以及《南京条约》的签订,使得中国的社会性质开始发生变化。随着中国与西方社会接触交流的扩大,中国日益感受到与西方的差距。如何改变中国的现状,成为当时有识之士高度关注的问题。进行社会改良成为其中一条重要的道路。在当时中国社会进行社会改良活动的,除了本土的政治家,还包括来华传教士。本篇论文所论述的美国来华传教士丁义华牧师正是其中具有代表性的一位。丁义华牧师(Edward Waite Thwing,1868——?),早年在普林斯顿神学院学习,受美国海外传教运动的影响,于1887年来到中国,开始他的社会活动。1908年他接受美国万国改良总会的职务派遣,进一步在中国开展禁毒运动。丁义华的在华活动,是在详尽的社会调查基础上完成的。主要分为两个方面：第一方面,在华禁烟活动。这是丁义华1908年接受美万国改良公会派遣的主要任务,他从中、外双方同时调查,从鸦片的栽种、运输、贩卖、吸食等方面详尽的考察。针对鸦片泛滥的严重问题,他借鉴科学戒毒方式,从禁运、禁卖、禁吸、焚烧烟具、倡议良好生活风气等方面劝诫中国人戒烟。同时还积极同政府进行合作,连续受聘于孙中山临时民国政府、袁世凯民国政府的禁烟顾问,提出了一系列切实可行的禁烟措施。禁烟运动收到了良好的效果；第二方面,是丁义华在民国时期的社会活动。丁义华将西方文明社会的风俗习惯、生活方式向近代中国社会进行宣讲、传播。丁义华在华活动数十年,始终按照中国社会和中国人的实际需要,不间断地介绍西方的生活方式。他的这一做法,客观上对于中国社会迈向现代化起到了一定的促进作用。
[Abstract]:The late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China were a period of social and political turbulence and active ideology in modern China. The defeat of the Opium War and the signing of the Nanjing Treaty. The social nature of China has begun to change. With the expansion of contacts and exchanges between China and the West, China is increasingly feeling the gap with the West. How to change the status quo in China, It became a matter of great concern to people of insight at that time. Social reform became one of the important roads. At that time, apart from local politicians, the Chinese society was engaged in social reform activities. It also includes missionaries in China. Reverend Ding Yihua, the American missionary in this thesis, is one of them. In his early years, he studied at Princeton Theological Seminary. Influenced by the American overseas missionary movement, he came to China in 1887 and began his social activities. In 1908, he received a post from the General Assembly of American Reformation to further carry out the anti-drug campaign in China. Ding Yihua's activities in China were completed on the basis of detailed social investigations. They are mainly divided into two aspects: first, anti-smoking activities in China. This was the main task of Ding Yihua, who was sent by the American Society for Reform in 1908. At the same time, both sides investigated and investigated in detail the cultivation, transportation, trafficking, and smoking of opium. In view of the serious problem of the spread of opium, he drew lessons from scientific methods of detoxification, from embargo, ban on sale, ban on smoking, and burning of tobacco. He urged the Chinese to give up smoking by advocating a good atmosphere of living. At the same time, they also actively cooperated with the government and were hired continuously by the temporary government of Sun Zhongshan, the anti-smoking adviser of the government of the Republic of Yuan Shikai. Put forward a series of practical anti-smoking measures. The anti-smoking campaign has achieved good results. Second, Ding Yihua's social activities during the Republic of China. Ding Yihua brought about the customs and habits of the western civilized society. The way of life was preached and disseminated to modern Chinese society. Ding Yihua's activities in China for decades have been consistent with the actual needs of the Chinese society and the Chinese people, introducing the Western way of life uninterruptedly. This is his practice. Objectively speaking, it has played a certain role in promoting the modernization of Chinese society.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K251

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