太平天国时期的常州赵氏家族（1853-1860）

发布时间：2018-03-30 22:09

本文选题：常州赵氏　切入点：太平天国　出处：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：太平天国时期江南的文化家族经历了一场浩劫,面对异文化的太平军,大部分文化家族都坚决抵抗并付出了惨重的代价。常州赵氏作为晚清时期常州地区的文化望族,其经历是一典型案例。赵氏先祖早在元朝时期就迁居常州西盖村。后来主要分为两支,本支为西盖赵氏,主要居住在西盖村。分支为观庄赵氏,自明初迁居观庄。明清时期,赵氏家族人才辈出,产生了如明英宗讲师赵琬、监察御史赵eT、“江南老教书”赵继鼎等一批文化名人,成为当地文化望族。这一时期,科举与婚姻的成功不断巩固扩大着家族的影响力。其家族成员也主动参与和组织地方社会的文化事业,如创办惜字会,举办寿宴,参与龙舟竞渡等。可以说常州赵氏在太平天国前已经成为常州地区举足轻重的文化家族。伴随着太平军的不断进军,赵氏族人自觉担负起了保卫地方的责任。其成员赵起、赵曾向、赵振祚、赵烈文等都积极参与到团练组织之中,在1853年到1860年持续对抗着太平军。他们一方面配合清军征收物资以支援前线,另一方面积极维护地方治安,稳定地方秩序。当1860年太平军攻占常州之际,部分族人如赵振祚、赵禄保、赵起等坚决抵抗,并最终付出了生命。赵烈文、赵曾向、赵寿仁等族人则仓皇出逃,开始了逃难生活。其逃难经历散见于他们个人的文字记载之中,部分记录得以幸存下来。战后赵氏族人陆续回到常州,面对战后的凋敝,他们积极参与到家族重建之中。一方面,部分族人如赵寿仁、赵承炳、徐小娴等开始着手恢复承载家族创伤的约园。另一方面,族人也力图通过重修家谱来重建家族记忆。到1886年,随着重修家谱的完成,赵氏家族的战后重建也基本结束。纵观太平天国时期的常州赵氏,其对太平军始终持敌视态度。常州赵氏战后的发展表明家族组织仍然是晚清时期重要的社会团体,对战后秩序的稳定起到了积极作用。可以发现赵氏源于常州,其文化世家正是由常州乃至整个江南孕育而成的,因而其族人也坚决地捍卫家乡来维持其文化世家的地位。
[Abstract]:In the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom period, the Jiangnan cultural family experienced a catastrophe. In the face of the non-cultural Taiping army, most of the cultural families resolutely resisted and paid a heavy price. Zhao's ancestors moved to Xigai Village in Changzhou as early as the Yuan Dynasty. Later, they were divided into two branches, Xigai Zhao, who mainly lived in Xigai Village, and the branches were Kuanzhuang Zhao, who moved to Guanzhuang from the beginning of the Ming Dynasty and the Ming and Qing dynasties. The Zhao family produced a large number of cultural celebrities, such as Zhao Wan, a lecturer in Ming Yingzong, Zhao Wan, who supervised the imperial history of Zhao et al, and Zhao Jiding, "the old teaching in the south of the Yangtze River," and so on, and became local cultural dignitaries. The success of imperial examination and marriage has continuously consolidated and expanded the influence of the family. Its members also actively participate in and organize the cultural undertakings of the local society, such as setting up a festival of words and holding a birthday banquet. Participate in the dragon boat race and so on. It can be said that before the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Zhao family in Changzhou became an important cultural family in Changzhou. With the constant march of the Taiping Army, the Zhao clan consciously assumed the responsibility of defending the local area. Zhao Zengxiang, Zhao Zhenzuo, Zhao Liwen, and so on all actively participated in the regiment training organization, and continued to confront the Taiping Army from 1853 to 1860. On the one hand, they cooperated with the Qing Army to collect supplies to support the front lines, and on the other hand, they actively maintained local public order. Stability of local order. When the Taiping Army captured Changzhou in 1860, some ethnic groups such as Zhao Zhenzuo, Zhao Lubao, and Zhao Qi resolutely resisted, and eventually gave their lives. Zhao Liwen, Zhao once went to, Zhao Shouren and other people fled in a hurry. They began to live in exile. Their escape experiences were scattered in their personal written records, and some of the records survived. After the war, the Zhao people returned to Changzhou one after another to face the post-war desolation. They actively participated in the family reconstruction. On the one hand, some ethnic groups such as Zhao Shouren, Zhao Chengbing and Xu Xiaoxian began to restore the covenant garden bearing the family trauma. On the other hand, By 1886, with the completion of the family tree, the post-war reconstruction of the Zhao family was basically over. Throughout the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the Zhao family lived in Changzhou. The development of the Chao family in Changzhou showed that the family organization was still an important social organization in the late Qing Dynasty and played a positive role in the stability of the postwar order. It can be found that Zhao originated from Changzhou. Its cultural family was bred by Changzhou and even the whole Jiangnan, so its people also resolutely defended their hometown to maintain their status as cultural clans.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K254

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