巴林右旗的土地改革运动

发布时间：2018-04-01 22:36

本文选题：土地改革　切入点：巴林右旗　出处：《内蒙古师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：解放战争时期，内蒙古东部地区在内的老解放区，开展了轰轰烈烈的土地改革运动。由于历史原因，巴林右旗的土地问题比较复杂，土地关系中交织着复杂`的民族关系，因此内蒙古党委和内蒙古自治政府，根据实际情况，在土地改革过程中在农业区、半农办牧区、和牧区制定了不同的改革政策。土地改革前的巴林右旗的农村和牧区各有不同的特点。农村地区的土地占有情况与国内其他农村有着同样的特点，即土地非常集中，还有着极其特殊的一面，其表现在有着户口地和蒙租、有“二地主”。牧区虽然存在着阶级压迫和阶级剥削，但同农业区相比有着不同的特点。在牧区，牧主在人口上所占比例很小，，拥有的牲畜较多，但是牲畜总数中一般不占绝大多数，而中等牧户和比较富裕的牧户无论在人数还是在牲畜总数上所占比例都较大。其次是牧主对牧民的剥削既有封建剥削的一面又有资本主义雇佣劳动的特点。最后就是牧业经济具有非常大的分散性、脆弱性、和不稳定性。巴林右旗的农村地区土地改革大致分为三个阶段，即准备阶段、开展阶段、复查阶段。在农村进行土地改革的同时，在牧业地区从自治区成立后即逐步开始民主改革的，首先实行“牧场公有、放牧自由”,后又提出“不斗不分、不划阶级、牧工牧主两利”的政策。改革封建土地制度，这是前无古人的亿万人参加的消灭封建剥削阶级的大革命运动，不可能没有一点疏漏。在中共中央和内蒙古党委采取的一系列纠正“左”倾错误的措施中，得到了及时的改正，保证了土地改革任务的顺利完成。土地改革运动的完成，摧毁了农村中的封建统治，各族农牧民群众翻身做了主人，加强了民族团结，提高了劳动生产力，有力地支援了东北解放战争。
[Abstract]:During the Liberation War, the old liberated areas in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia launched a vigorous land reform movement. For historical reasons, the land problem in the Balin right Banner is quite complex, and the land relations are intertwined with complicated ethnic relations. Therefore, the Inner Mongolia Party Committee and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Government, according to the actual situation, are in the agricultural areas in the process of land reform. Semi-peasant pastoral areas, and pastoral areas formulated different reform policies. The rural and pastoral areas of the Balin right Banner before the land reform had different characteristics. The situation of land occupation in rural areas had the same characteristics as other rural areas in the country, that is, the land was very concentrated and had an extremely special side. Although there are class oppression and class exploitation in pastoral areas, they have different characteristics compared with agricultural areas. In pastoral areas, pastoral owners account for a small proportion of the population and have more livestock. But the livestock population generally does not make up the vast majority. Second, the exploitation of herdsmen by herdsmen has the characteristics of both feudal exploitation and capitalist wage labor. That is, the animal husbandry economy is very decentralized. Vulnerability, and instability. The land reform in the rural areas of the Balin right Banner is roughly divided into three stages, namely, the preparatory stage, the stage of development, and the stage of re-examination. While the rural areas are carrying out land reform, the democratic reforms in the pastoral areas have started gradually after the establishment of the autonomous regions. First of all, "pasture public, grazing freedom", and then put forward "do not fight, do not draw a class, pastoral workers and owners of the two interests." The reform of the feudal land system was a revolutionary movement involving hundreds of millions of people who had never before participated in the elimination of the feudal exploiting class. In the series of measures taken by the CPC Central Committee and the Inner Mongolia Party Committee to correct the "left" errors, the timely correction has ensured the smooth completion of the land reform task and the completion of the land reform movement. The feudal rule in the countryside was destroyed, the peasants and herdsmen of all ethnic groups turned over as masters, national unity was strengthened, labor productivity was raised, and the Northeast Liberation War was bolstered.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K266;F301

【共引文献】