历史记忆与国家认同:一战前后中国国耻记忆的形成与演变

发布时间：2018-04-02 14:35

本文选题：一战　切入点：“二十一条”　出处：《近代史研究》2017年02期

【摘要】：自1915年中日"二十一条"交涉发生之后,北京政府、革命党以及社会各界从各自的立场出发,不约而同地意识到"二十一条"具有非同寻常的"历史记忆"保存价值。北京政府保存此国耻记忆,既有免责之虑,也有捍卫其统治合法性的功利性诉求;革命党将"二十一条"国耻记忆用来证明北京政府的卖国行为,以便进行革命动员;一般新闻出版界则借此刺激民族主义消费,寻求国货消费的合法性。五四运动期间,"二十一条"国耻记忆向卖国贼国耻记忆演变。由巴黎和会外交失败而凸显的民族危机与国内激烈的派系竞争纠缠在一起。在此语境下,国耻记忆扮演着对普通民众进行救亡启蒙的社会角色。在这一国耻记忆形成与演变的背后,蕴含着时人关于如何救亡的集体潜意识,即加强民族内部团结,才是自我拯救之路。
[Abstract]:Since the "21" negotiations between China and Japan occurred in 1915, the Beijing Government, the Revolutionary Party and all walks of life, from their respective standpoints, have come to realize that the "21 articles" have extraordinary "historical memory" preservation value.The Beijing government has not only the consideration of exemption, but also the utilitarian demand to defend the legitimacy of its rule, the revolutionary party uses the memory of "21 articles" to prove the Beijing government's traitorous behavior in order to carry out revolutionary mobilization.The general press and publishing circles use this to stimulate nationalist consumption, seeking the legitimacy of domestic consumption.During the May 4 th Movement, the memory of "21" national shame evolved to that of traitors.The national crisis, highlighted by the failure of Paris Peace Council diplomacy, is entangled with fierce domestic factional competition.In this context, the memory of national shame plays a social role in saving ordinary people.Behind the formation and evolution of the memory of this national shame, it contains the collective subconscious about how to save the nation, that is, strengthening the unity of the nation is the road of self-salvation.
【作者单位】：复旦大学历史系;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“五四时期的反日运动研究”(13CZS026)的中期成果
【分类号】：K258

【相似文献】