19世纪60年代河南地区教案研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 12:12

本文选题：19世纪60年代　切入点：河南　出处：《河北师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：基督教传入河南地区由来已久,虽然清朝康、乾之后受到政府禁教政策的制约,但长时间里在部分地方仍有地下隐蔽的传教活动。1860年之后,基督教在中国内地传教“合法化”,“传教”活动转入地上并汹汹发展,民教之间的冲突亦随之加剧,19世纪60年代该省区即进入教案的多发阶段。根据资料统计,1860—1869年之间,河南地区总共发生教案达20起,并且教案形态纷繁复杂,本文根据特定标准,将其分为置产类案件、排拒教士或殴辱教民类案件以及含混无果类案件三大类别。至于教案的发生原因,考察认为亦非绝对的“侵略与反侵略”所致,应该说既有教会势力强横的原因,亦有民教之间“误会”的因素,当然,前者还是最根本的。在对本时段内河南地区教案统观的基础上,本文进而特别选择其中最典型的三起案事,对其处置详情予以考察分析。从这三起典型案件来看,中、外官方均参与到案件的处置过程中来。从教士处得知案情后,法国政府驻华机构往往偏听其一面之词,武断地干预涉案地的司法审判。面对法方的干预,清方参与处置的各级官府,一般尚能据理力争,并未发现明显的甘愿己方屈枉而失职、舞弊的行为。在此期河南教案的处置过程中,传教士利用特权干涉司法诉讼等行为,对于起码形式上是由清朝官方主导的司法审判,还有其官、绅统治阶层的原有地位,都造成巨大冲击。当地社会中逐渐形成了以教士为核心的特殊利益集团,与清方官、绅阶层,与更广大的民众,展开激烈角逐,这在当时河南社会也成为一种醒目现象。本文通过具体研究该期河南地区教案,对上述各方面的情况予以揭示。
[Abstract]:Christianity has been introduced into Henan for a long time. Although the Qing Dynasty was restricted by the government's policy of banning religion after the Qing Dynasty and the dry period, there were still underground missionary activities in some parts of the country for a long time. After 1860, Christianity "legalized" preaching in the mainland of China.The "missionary" activities turned to the ground and developed aggressively, and the conflicts between the people and the religion also intensified. In the 1860s, the province and the autonomous region entered the stage of frequent teaching plans.From 1860 to 1869, there were 20 teaching cases in Henan Province, and the forms of teaching plans were complicated. According to the specific standards, this paper divides the teaching plans into cases of property purchase.Rejection of cleric or affront cases and vague and fruitless three categories of cases.As for the cause of the teaching plan, it is not the result of absolute "aggression and anti-aggression". It should be said that there are both the reasons of the influence of the church and the "misunderstanding" between the people and the religion. Of course, the former is still the most fundamental.On the basis of the whole view of teaching case in Henan area, this paper chooses the most typical three cases, and analyzes the details of their disposal.From these three typical cases, both Chinese and foreign officials are involved in the process of handling the case.After learning of the case from the clergyman, the French government agencies in China often listen to his side and interfere arbitrarily with the judicial trial in the place where the case is concerned.In the face of the intervention of the French side, the Qing government at all levels involved in the disposal, generally can still argue, did not find that willing to be wronged and dereliction of duty, fraud.In the course of dealing with the religious cases in Henan Province, missionaries used privileges to interfere in judicial proceedings, which caused a great impact on the judicial trials, which were dominated by the Qing government in the form at least, as well as the original position of their officials and gentry ruling class.The local society gradually formed a special interest group with the clergy as the core, and engaged in fierce competition with the Qing government officials, the gentry class and the wider public, which also became an eye-catching phenomenon in Henan society at that time.By studying the teaching cases in Henan province, this paper reveals the above aspects.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K256.8

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