清末民初桐城社会变迁初探

发布时间：2018-04-12 21:01

本文选题：清末民初 + 桐城　；参考：《安徽大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：桐城是安徽古县,且以桐城文派的故里名扬海内外。桐城作为与省府安庆紧邻的的重要县城之一,素有“七省通衢”之称,其气候地理环境优越,人杰地灵,翰墨飘香,享有文化之乡、文献之帮、历史名城、文都等诸多美誉。近一个世纪以来,有关桐城的研究非常多,但绝大多数集中于对桐城派的研究,而对于桐城派故里的社会变迁,如政治、教育文化等涉及甚少,对于桐城小区域近代以来社会变迁的专题研究几乎是一个空白。清末民初的特殊时段,伴随着政治上的更迭变动以及国内外环境的变化,整个中国都在发生着变化,桐城作为其治下一隅,自然也不例外。拙文分为三个章节,分别从自然环境与人文传统、政治变迁、教育文化变迁等几个方面进行叙述,力图较为全面地展现清末民初桐城社会变迁概况。第一章,主要介绍桐城地域自然环境和人文传统,展现其社会变迁的背景,为后两章内容的展开作铺垫。第二章,简要梳理了晚清至民国初期桐城建置沿革。清末民初是中国政局发生重大变革的时期,全国局势的变化,影响着桐城的社会状况。长达近十年的太平天国运动中,桐城作为主要战场之一,社会经济遭受了巨大的破坏；而且,此一时段内,全国政治形势的持续动荡,也带动着安徽政局的不稳,进而也会影响到桐城。混乱的政局,对桐城传统社会基础产生了动摇,也在一定程度上影响着桐城社会的发展进程。第三章,主要介绍清末民初桐城教育文化方面的变迁。清末,伴随着清政府文教政策的改革,桐城新式教育已开始出现并有所发展,但封建科举制教育在桐城依旧存在,不过已趋向衰落。民初,桐城新式教育发展蓬勃,各地小学、中学纷纷建立,教育体制更加完备,课程设置更加科学合理。同时,桐城的师范教育、实业教育、女子教育等均齐步发展。这一时期文化方面的变化,显著代表便是桐城派的由盛而衰,新文化运动时期,桐城派作为“桐城谬种”而受到批评和抵制,从此走向末路。另外,清末民初时期,桐城传统民俗出现新元素,新式婚俗开始出现,人们的日常生活潜移默化中也开始革新。
[Abstract]:Tongcheng is an ancient county in Anhui Province, and Tongcheng style famous at home and abroad.Tongcheng, as one of the important county towns close to the provincial capital Anqing, is known as "the thoroughfare of the seven provinces". Its climate and geographical environment is superior, outstanding people, calligraphy fragrance, enjoy the cultural hometown, the help of documents, historical city, literature, and many other good reputation.In the past century, there have been a lot of researches on Tongcheng, but most of them focus on Tongcheng school. However, the social changes of Tongcheng school's hometown, such as politics, education and culture, are seldom involved.It is almost a blank to study the social changes in Tongcheng small area since modern times.In the special period of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, with the political changes and the changes of the domestic and foreign environment, the whole of China is changing, Tongcheng as a corner of its rule, is no exception.The article is divided into three chapters, respectively from the natural environment and humanistic tradition, political changes, educational and cultural changes and other aspects of the narrative, trying to comprehensively show the late Qing Dynasty Tongcheng social changes in the general situation.The first chapter mainly introduces the natural environment and humanistic tradition of Tongcheng region, shows the background of its social change, and paves the way for the development of the latter two chapters.Chapter two briefly combs the history of Tongcheng construction from late Qing Dynasty to early Republic of China.The late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China were the period of great political changes in China, and the changes of the national situation affected the social situation of Tongcheng.In the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement for nearly a decade, Tongcheng, as one of the main battlefields, suffered enormous economic and social damage. Moreover, during this period of time, the political situation of the whole country continued to fluctuate, which also led to the instability of the political situation in Anhui.Then will also affect Tongcheng.The chaotic political situation has shaken the traditional social foundation of Tongcheng and influenced the development of Tongcheng society to some extent.The third chapter mainly introduces the changes of Tongcheng education and culture in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.In the late Qing Dynasty, with the reform of the cultural and educational policies of the Qing government, the new education in Tongcheng had begun to appear and developed, but the feudal imperial examination system still existed in Tongcheng, but it had tended to decline.At the beginning of the Republic of China, Tongcheng new education developed vigorously, primary schools and middle schools were set up in succession, the educational system was more complete, and the curriculum was more scientific and reasonable.At the same time, Tongcheng's teacher education, industrial education, women's education and so on have developed at the same time.The change of culture in this period was marked by the prosperity and decline of Tongcheng School. In the period of New Culture Movement, Tongcheng School was criticized and resisted as a kind of "Tongcheng myth", and from then on it went to the end.In addition, in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, new elements appeared in Tongcheng traditional folklore, new marriage customs began to appear, and people's daily life began to innovate.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K251

【参考文献】