清末锡良治川研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 13:06

本文选题：清末 + 锡良　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：四川位于中国的西南,物产丰饶,素有“天府之国”的美誉。在传统中国面临三千年未有之大变局的急速转型时代背景下,由于受封闭的地理环境、落后的道路交通和地处西南内陆的区位因素影响,四川比之沿海和长江中下游地区,其旧有的社会结构遭受外部冲击的程度较轻,社会转型也相对缓慢,因而在四川盆地内形成了一个相对独立的政治经济区域。这种封闭性也使近代四川的发展具有比较鲜明的内陆特色,直到19世纪末20世纪初,近代四川社会才开始发生了明显的变化。在内部,四川社会矛盾不断升级,民众起义不断。在外部,英、俄等帝国主义国家对川藏边区心怀叵测,妄图吞并西藏,并将侵略势力伸入川边。这一切,无疑使四川在20世纪初年陷入一种内外交困的局面。 1903年4月,新任四川总督的锡良,面对四川社会残败不堪的局面,如何稳定四川社会秩序并使四川社会风貌焕然一新就成了锡良任职川督后所要解决的首要问题。针对四川吏治腐败、财政匮乏、军备落后以及思想僵化等问题,锡良厉行新政,锐意进取,大刀阔斧进行改革,取得了显著成效。在逐步扭转四川社会动荡不安局面并使之呈现一派欣欣向荣景象的同时,也推动了四川社会近代化进程。本文则主要从以下三个部分对清末锡良治川进行研究分析。第一部分主要概述锡良入川前的四川社会。封建王朝的残酷剥削和持续不断的水旱灾害,致使生产凋敝,民生艰困；帝国主义的步步入侵则使得四川原有政治、经济结构遭到冲击破坏；风起云涌的群众起义更是造成四川政局的动荡不安。这一切,都似乎预示着近代四川发展道路的艰难和曲折。第二部分主要研究锡良督川与四川新政以及川边改土归流,这是本文的主要研究内容。在此部分,将重点分析锡良莅川后,面临四川社会残败不堪的局面采取的一系列施政措施,如整顿吏治,自办川汉铁路,编练新军,发展新式教育,以及在川边地区采取改土归流等。通过这一系列政策的实施,极大改变了四川原有社会局面,使四川社会逐步开始向近代文明方向过渡。第三部分则是对清末锡良治川给予客观的评价。将锡良治川与此时期全国各省情形比较,分析锡良治川成功的主要原因和对近代四川社会带来的深远影响。
[Abstract]:Sichuan is located in the southwest of Chinese, rich products, known as "the land of abundance" in the world. Facing three thousand years of unprecedented situation of the rapid transformation of the background in the traditional Chinese, due to the closed geographical environment, regional factors behind the shadow of road traffic and is located in the Southwest inland ring, the middle and lower reaches of Sichuan than the coastal and the Yangtze River the old social structure, subject to external shocks to a lesser extent, the social transformation is relatively slow, thus forming a relatively independent political and economic area in Sichuan basin. This closure also makes the development of modern Sichuan has distinctive characteristics of inland, until the end of nineteenth Century and early twentieth Century, before the beginning of the modern society of Sichuan changes in the interior, Sichuan social contradictions escalating uprising constantly. On the outside, the British, Russian imperialist countries on the Sichuan Tibet border motives, to the annexation of the West Tibet, and the forces of aggression into Sichuan. All this will undoubtedly make Sichuan in the first decade of the twentieth Century into a situation beset with troubles internally and externally.
In April 1903, the new governor of Sichuan Xi Liang, in the face of the Sichuan social canbai bear situation, how to stabilize the social order in Sichuan and the Sichuan society has become the most important issue take on an altogether new aspect to solve Xi Liang. After serving governor of Sichuan Sichuan against corruption, lack of financial problems, in backward and rigid thinking, Xi Liang said the new deal, forge ahead, make snap to reform, and achieved remarkable results. In the turbulent situation and gradually reverse the Sichuan society to present a thriving scene at the same time, Sichuan also promoted the process of modern society. This paper mainly from the following three parts of the Kiyomi Xirajikawa analysis.
The first part is mainly an overview of Sichuan Xi Liang Sichuan before the society. The cruel exploitation of feudal dynasty and continuous flood and drought disasters, resulting in the production decline, the people's livelihood difficult; the imperialist invasion step by step is making Sichuan the original political and economic structure by impact damage; the mass uprising is raging like a storm caused by the turbulent political situation in Sichuan. All of this are Sichuan seems to indicate the development road of modern difficulties and twists and turns.
The second part mainly studies the Xi Liang governor of Sichuan and Sichuan new deal and chuanbian chieftain, this is the main content of this paper. This part will focus on the analysis of Xi Liang to Sichuan, a series of policy measures in Sichuan social situation take canbai bear faces, such as officials rectification, since the ban Chuan Han railway, Bian training new army, the development of modern education, and take the chieftain in the chuanbian areas. Through the implementation of a series of policies, Sichuan has greatly changed the original social situation, the Sichuan society gradually began the transition to the modern civilization.
The third part is to give an objective evaluation to Kiyomi Xirajikawa. Compared with this period Xiliangzhi Sichuan provinces, the main reason analysis Xiliangzhi Sichuan successful and far-reaching impact on modern society of Sichuan.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K252

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