试论清末陕西有线电报的建设（1889年-1911年）

发布时间：2018-04-15 06:39

本文选题：陕西 + 有线电报　；参考：《延安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文从清末1889年陕西开始有线电报建设开始进行相关研究。陕西有线电报的建设正是从清廷开始引进西方先进的通讯技术之后，晚于东南沿海和京畿地区，始于1889年。本文对陕西有线电报的研究方面有三点：第一，陕西有线电报建设的整个始末，包括陕西省在1889年至1911年之间所建设的主要的三条电报线路。分别为：保定、西安、嘉峪关线；西安襄阳线、西安至汉中线；最后一条修建的主要线路为西安至三原线，为慈禧太后西巡是修建。文中对各条电报线路的建设主要原因，经费来源和管理制度三方面进行了着重介绍；第二，陕西有线电报建设对整个陕西所产生的影响，本文分别从电报建设对当时的陕西政治、文化、经济和当时的新闻传播等方面所产生的影响进行了较为全面的论述，同时陕西有线电报的建设更为陕西近代文化、教育、新闻、赈灾等方面起到了重要的作用陕西有线电报的架设开启了陕西通信现代化的历程。从政治上来讲，在慈禧和光绪帝西巡之时，它充当了“中央电报局”的角色，为巩固当时国家的政权起到了重要作用；从经济上来讲，它为陕西的商业发展起到了一定的促进作用，使得当时对外经商信息传递更加便捷，更重要的是，对当时的陕西赈灾起到了巨大的帮助，它使灾情能够迅速的上报给中央政府，从而加速了救援的时间，减少了当时陕西受灾地区人员的伤亡和财产的损失；从思想解放的层面来讲，它为当时闭塞的陕西打开了一扇了解外界的信息之窗，使地处偏远的陕西人民由愚昧到开始逐渐了解新生事物，接受新生事物进而产生自己的观念和想法，，从而产生了一批怀有远大抱负的革命家和思想家。清末陕西有线电报的建设，是陕西现代通信事业发展的基础，它在日后的陕西建设和发展乃至政治的变革中，亦起到了至关重要的作用。第三，陕西有线电报的特点，本文着重将陕西有线电报事业的作用和影响从东南沿海地区地和京畿地区电报业的建设发展、主要用途来进行比较，从而得出第四部分的结论。虽然陕西有线电报的建设晚于京畿和东南各省，但是陕西有线电报从建设初期便承担着连接西北地区和京城的重要作用，尤其是在西北边疆危机出现之时，能够迅速的将信息反馈给清廷中央政府，以便是中央政府的得以采取有效的措施，保障祖国版图的完整；陕西有线电报的建设更是在庚子西巡之时发挥了“中央电报局”的作用，它为缓解当时全国政治和侵略危机，避免清廷权力出现真空状况起到了至关重要的作用。
[Abstract]:This article starts from the late Qing Dynasty 1889 Shaanxi wire telegram construction to carry on the related research.The construction of Shaanxi Cable Telegraph began in 1889 after the introduction of advanced western communication technology from the Qing Dynasty, later than the southeast coast and the capital region.In this paper, there are three points in the study of Shaanxi Cable Telegraph: first, the whole beginning and end of Shaanxi Cable Telegraph Construction, including the three main Telegraph lines built between 1889 and 1911 in Shaanxi Province.Respectively: Baoding, Xi'an, Jiayuguan line; Xi'an Xiangyang line, Xi'an to Hanzhong line; the last main line built for Xi'an to Sanyuan line, for Empress Dowager Cixi West Tour is built.In this paper, the main reasons for the construction of various Telegraph lines, the source of funds and the management system are emphatically introduced. Secondly, the influence of Shaanxi cable construction on the whole Shaanxi,This paper discusses the influence of Telegraph construction on Shaanxi politics, culture, economy and news dissemination at that time. At the same time, the construction of Shaanxi cable Telegraph is more modern culture, education, news, etc.Disaster relief has played an important role in the establishment of Shaanxi Cable Telegraph to open the modernization of Shaanxi communications process.Politically speaking, when Cixi and Guang Xu visited the west, it acted as the "Central Telegraph Office" and played an important role in consolidating the political power of the country at that time; economically speaking,It played a certain role in promoting the commercial development of Shaanxi, making it more convenient to communicate business information with foreign countries at that time. More importantly, it played a great role in the relief of the disaster in Shaanxi at that time. It enabled the disaster situation to be quickly reported to the central government.As a result, the rescue time was accelerated, and the casualties and property losses in the affected areas of Shaanxi were reduced at that time. From the perspective of ideological liberation, it opened a window of information to the outside world for the then closed Shaanxi Province.The remote Shaanxi people began to understand the new things from ignorance to gradually accept the new things and then produce their own ideas and ideas thus produced a group of ambitious revolutionaries and thinkers.The construction of Shaanxi cable telegram in the late Qing Dynasty is the basis of the development of Shaanxi modern communications. It also plays a vital role in the future construction and development of Shaanxi and even in the political reform.Third, the characteristics of Shaanxi cable Telegraph, this paper focuses on the role and impact of Shaanxi cable Telegraph industry from the southeast coastal areas and the construction and development of the Jingji area, the main uses of the newspaper industry to compare, so as to draw the conclusion of the fourth part.Although the construction of the Shaanxi Cable Telegraph was later than that of the provinces of Beijing and Southeast China, the Shaanxi Cable Telegraph has played an important role in connecting the Northwest region with the capital city since the beginning of the construction, especially when the crisis in the Northwest Frontier area appeared.Can quickly feedback the information to the central government of the Qing government, so that the central government can take effective measures to ensure the integrity of the motherland;The construction of Shaanxi Cable Telegraph played the role of "Central Telegraph Bureau" when Gengzi visited the west, which played a vital role in alleviating the crisis of national politics and aggression at that time and avoiding the vacuum of the Qing court power.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G219.29;K252

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