南京国民政府文化政策研究（1927～1949）

发布时间：2018-04-16 10:26

本文选题：南京国民政府 + 文化政策　；参考：《中国艺术研究院》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：文化政策是代表一定阶级的执政党或政治集团的文化利益与要求在政治层面的反映,直接体现了这些政治势力在一定历史时期的政治文化意志。文化政策与文化及社会发展的关系十分密切,执政党或政治集团通过文化政策直接干预文化发展,影响相应时期的文化建设内容、文化发展规模、文化繁荣程度以及文化未来走向,甚至成为一个国家整体建设成就、拥有国际地位乃至民族兴衰成败的重要影响因素。南京国民政府是形式上统一现代中国的合法政权,其文化政策是影响现代中国文化发展的重要因素,也是现代中国文化转型中的助推力或反作用力。1927~1949年间,从政权建立初期的党内纷争、党外异见,到日本帝国主义入侵中国,再到战后统一全国的政权争夺,南京国民政府在复杂的社会环境中开展政治、经济、军事、农业等一些列国家建设措施的同时,也较为积极地推动了文化事业的建设,以三民主义为国家文化政策的最高指导原则,以文化统制为国家文化政策的主要手段,以中央执行委员会为最高权力机关和文化政策决策机关,以法律法规为文化政策的施行保驾护航,发动了多项文化运动,开展了多种类型的审查,也进行了一些积极建设,在一定程度上推动了现代中国文化的转型与发展。研究南京国民政府文化政策的制定与施行,本文从五个部分入手,探讨其文化政策的时代特色与阶级属性,探查南京国民政府如何在政局动荡和列强侵略的复杂环境下开展文化建设,以及如何处理国家核心文化认同和民众文化需求之间的矛盾关系。本文在引言中详细阐明了选题缘由、研究意义、研究方法与路径以及国内外研究现状,对关键词进行了明确的界定。在了解南京国民政府文化政策形成的社会背景、历史基础以及现实前提的基础上(第一章),对南京国民政府文化政策的方针、目标以及施行方式进行了深入的分析(第二章);通过对南京国民政府文化政策的决策机构和执行机构及其职能的进一步考察(第三章);探讨南京国民政府具体推行的文化活动,包括以三民主义打造的多项文化运动,以“审查”为名的多项钳制活动,以及在宗教信仰、文物保护等方面的积极措施等(第四章),形成政策制定——政策执行——政策成效的严密论证,挖掘隐藏在南京国民政府文化政策制定与推行背后的一些因素,揭示南京国民政府的文化政策因拉大了国家文化核心认同与民众文化需求之间的矛盾关系,从而导致政策失败,成为南京国民政府结束大陆统治的重要原因。为了形成结构清晰、逻辑分明的严密性论证,本文涉及了历史学、政治学、文化学、艺术学、社会学、管理学等多个学科的专业知识,采用文献研究、结构——功能分析、对比研究等方法,塑造了一个立体的,多维度的文化政策研究路径。
[Abstract]:Cultural policy is the reflection of the cultural interests and requirements of the ruling party or political group of a certain class on the political level, which directly reflects the political and cultural will of these political forces in a certain historical period.Cultural policy is closely related to cultural and social development. The ruling party or political group directly interferes with cultural development through cultural policy, which influences the content of cultural construction and the scale of cultural development in the corresponding period.The degree of cultural prosperity and the future trend of culture even become an important influence factor of a country's overall construction achievement, international status and even the success or failure of a nation.Nanjing National Government is the legal regime that unifies modern China in form. Its cultural policy is an important factor that influences the development of modern Chinese culture, and it is also the impetus or reaction force in the transformation of modern Chinese culture.From the inner-party disputes in the early days of the establishment of the regime, the dissent between the Party and the outside, to the invasion of China by Japanese imperialism, to the post-war struggle for political power to unify the whole country, the Nanking Nationalist Government carried out political, economic and military activities in a complex social environment.While agriculture and other national construction measures are listed, they have also actively promoted the construction of cultural undertakings, with the three people's principles as the supreme guiding principle of the country's cultural policy and cultural control as the main means of the country's cultural policy.With the Central Executive Committee as the supreme organ of power and decision-making organs for cultural policy, and laws and regulations as the escort for the implementation of cultural policies, a number of cultural campaigns have been launched, various types of reviews have been carried out, and some positive construction has been carried out.To some extent, it promotes the transformation and development of modern Chinese culture.This paper studies the formulation and implementation of the cultural policy of the Nanjing National Government, starting with five parts, discusses the age characteristics and class attributes of its cultural policy.This paper probes into how the Nanjing National Government carries out cultural construction under the complicated environment of political instability and invasion by foreign powers, and how to deal with the contradiction between the national core cultural identity and the cultural needs of the people.In the introduction, this paper explains in detail the reason, significance, research methods and approaches, and the current research situation at home and abroad, and gives a clear definition of the key words.On the basis of understanding the social background, historical basis and realistic premise of the cultural policy formation of the Nanjing National Government (Chapter one, the policy towards the cultural policy of the Nanjing National Government,The purpose and the mode of implementation are analyzed in depth (Chapter II); through a further investigation of the decision-making organs and executive bodies and their functions of the cultural policy of the Nanjing National Government (Chapter III), the cultural activities carried out by the Nanjing National Government are discussed.These include a number of cultural movements based on the "three people's principles", a number of repression activities in the name of "censorship", and religious beliefs.Positive measures for cultural relic protection and so on (Chapter IV), forming a rigorous demonstration of policy formulation, policy implementation, and policy effectiveness, and digging up some factors hidden behind the cultural policy formulation and implementation of the Nanjing National Government.It is revealed that the cultural policy of the Nanjing National Government has enlarged the contradictory relationship between the core identity of the national culture and the cultural needs of the people, which has led to the failure of the policy, and has become an important reason for the Nanjing National Government to end the rule of the mainland.In order to form a strict argumentation with clear structure and clear logic, this paper deals with the specialized knowledge of history, politics, culture, art, sociology, management and so on, and adopts literature research, structure-function analysis, etc.Comparative study and other methods have shaped a stereoscopic and multidimensional approach to cultural policy research.
【学位授予单位】：中国艺术研究院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K262.9

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