战后上海中华基督教女青年会托儿所研究（1945-1949）

发布时间：2018-04-17 21:08

本文选题：战后上海 + 上海中华基督教女青年会托儿所　；参考：《上海师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪初，近代式托儿所在欧美、苏联已得到普遍的发展，在老解放区也有一定规模，然而在国统区下的上海，此项事业却发展缓慢。抗战胜利后，各地纷纷复员，上海作为全国最发达的工商业中心，女工及职业妇女人数众多。在职业与育儿间，妇女面临着两难选择，这使得一般家庭孩子的托管问题成为社会亟待解决的一大难题。社会的这种需求为上海托儿所事业的发展带来了机遇与挑战。在社会的积极倡导下，各类托儿所机构应运而生，呈蓬勃发展之势，并在社会各界的广泛参与与支持下，取得了一定的成效。然而，战后上海复杂多变的社会环境，也让托儿所这一新兴事物在前进的道路中形成了自己的特点与不足。上海中华基督教女青年会成立于1908年，是民国时期妇女界、青年界影响较大的民间妇女组织之一，该会历经百年历史，至今仍活跃于社会各界。托儿所是该会二十世纪四十年代开展的重要事工之一。上海中华基督教女青年会托儿所作为沪上托儿所组织中的奠基者，在儿童保教、托儿所运动及儿童福利事业的推广上都有着突出贡献，并在组织管理、资源动员，育儿经验等方面都有其独到之处。它倡导并践行着近代新式儿童保育理念，引领并推动了沪上托儿所行业的整体构建，是上海托儿所组织中的成功典范。本文通过对战后上海托儿所，特别是对上海中华基督教女青年会托儿所的发展情况进行个案考察，展现抗战胜利初期以及内战期间上海儿童的生活情况，进而探讨这一时期上海儿童保育及儿童福利事业的发展概况及特点。此外，通过对上海中华基督教女青年会主办的托儿所事业的详细研究，进而揭示这一源于外国的非纯粹本土的民间妇女团体是如何保持长久生命力的原因。最后，通过对上海中华基督教女青年会托儿所成功经验与不足的深入分析，，以史为鉴，对当前我国儿童保教事业乃至儿童福利事业的建设提供历史反思。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 20th century, modern nurseries in Europe and America, the Soviet Union has been widely developed, in the old liberated areas also have a certain scale, but in the state-controlled areas of Shanghai, the development of this cause is slow.After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, various places were demobilized. Shanghai, as the most developed industrial and commercial center in the country, had a large number of women workers and working women.In the career and childcare, women are faced with a dilemma, which makes the custody of children in general family become a big problem to be solved.This kind of social demand brings opportunities and challenges to the development of Shanghai nurseries.Under the active advocacy of the society, all kinds of nurseries came into being, showing the trend of vigorous development, and with the broad participation and support of all walks of life, certain results have been achieved.However, the complicated and changeable social environment in postwar Shanghai also made nursery, a new thing, form its own characteristics and shortcomings in the way forward.The Chinese Young Women's Christian Association of Shanghai was founded in 1908. It is one of the folk women's organizations in the women's circle and the youth circle in the Republic of China. It has a history of one hundred years and is still active in all walks of life.The nursery was one of the important ministry that the association carried out in the 1940 s.As the founder of the Shanghai Nursery Organization, YWCA has made outstanding contributions to the promotion of child care, nursery movement and child welfare, as well as organization, management and resource mobilization.Parenting experience and other aspects have their own unique.It advocates and practices the modern concept of child care, leads and promotes the overall construction of Shanghai nursery industry, and is a successful example in Shanghai nursery organization.Through a case study of the development of nurseries in Shanghai after the war, especially of the Chinese Young Women's Christian Association in Shanghai, this paper shows the living conditions of Shanghai children in the early years of the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan and during the civil war.Then it discusses the development and characteristics of child care and welfare in Shanghai during this period.In addition, through a detailed study of the cr 猫 ches sponsored by the Chinese Young Women's Christian Association in Shanghai, this paper reveals the reasons why this non-native folk women's group, which originated from foreign countries, has maintained its long-term vitality.Finally, through the in-depth analysis of the successful experiences and shortcomings of Shanghai Chinese Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) nurseries, this paper draws lessons from history and provides a historical reflection on the construction of children's care and welfare in China at present.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K266

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