学、政、教:晚清中国知识转型的基调及其变奏

发布时间：2018-04-21 16:10

  本文选题：学术 + 政艺　； 参考：《近代史研究》2017年05期

【摘要】：围绕学、政、教分析晚清中国的知识转型,大致可以梳理出这样的基本线索:其一,"教"与"学"之结合构成来华西人"援西入中"的基调,区分"西教"与"西学",相应成为晚清接纳近代知识的重要一环;其二,"政"与"艺"的变奏映射出中国本土对新知的接引,方向多所调整,内涵不断拓展;其三,"学"从"器""技""艺""术"的定位中被拯救出来,并在"普遍性"与"现代性"的论述中奠定其地位。内中所展示的"变奏",即是"学"取代了"教",超越了"政"。当然,这些关键词其内涵并非一成不变,尤其是伴随学科知识成长出现新的学科"语词",更表明其"语境"较之过往大异其趣;"学""政""教"三者在言说中就分别被其他的意思所替代,所谓"学",不再是"西学",甚至也不是所谓的"新学",而成为"近代知识"的代名词,涵盖"诸学科",而所谓的"教"与"政",更是被安置于"宗教"与"政治"之学。
[Abstract]:By analyzing the knowledge transition in late Qing Dynasty, we can sort out the following basic clues: first, the combination of "teaching" and "learning" constitutes the keynote of "assisting the west to enter the middle" in the west of China. The distinction between "Western education" and "western learning" has become an important link in the acceptance of modern knowledge in the late Qing Dynasty; second, the variation of "politics" and "art" reflects the introduction of new knowledge in China, which has been adjusted in many directions and its connotation has been continuously expanded. Thirdly, learning is saved from the position of "instrument", "technique", "art", and establishes its position in the discussion of "universality" and "modernity". The variation shown in it is that "learning" takes the place of "teaching" and transcends "politics". Of course, the connotations of these keywords are not static. Especially, with the emergence of new discipline "words" along with the growth of discipline knowledge, it shows that its "context" is quite different from that of the past, and that "learning", "politics" and "teaching" are replaced by other meanings respectively in the speech of "learning", "politics" and "teaching". The so-called "learning" is no longer "western learning", or even "new learning", but a synonym for "modern knowledge", covering "various disciplines", and the so-called "religion" and "politics" are placed in the study of "religion" and "politics".
【作者单位】： 复旦大学历史系;复旦大学中外现代化进程研究中心;
【分类号】：K252
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本文编号：1783151