太平天国时期宁波进出口贸易

发布时间：2018-04-23 04:18

本文选题：宁波 + 对外贸易　；参考：《浙江大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 第一次鸦片战争以后,宁波被开辟为通商口岸,此后宁波对外贸易进入了新的历史发展时期,但是开埠以后,宁波对外贸易增长并没有历史上发展的那么迅速。历史上自唐以后,宁波对外交流日益频繁,历千年而不衰,宁波经济的繁荣给西方各国留下了深刻印象,以至于鸦片战争后订立的《南京条约》,在开放的通商口岸中,宁波就被列入其中。宁波开埠以后,对外贸易虽然在总体上发展的十分缓慢,但是具体到每个时期,还是有许多特点的,本文研究重点是太天国时期宁波对外贸易情况。太平天国运动兴起对宁波进出口贸易产生了很大的推动作用,促进了宁波经济迅速发展。从一八五一年到一八六六年太平天国余部被彻底消灭,前后十五年的时间,这段时期宁波对外贸易交流可以划分为三个阶段：第一阶段,从一八五三太平天国占领南京,到一八六一年占领宁波以前,这段时期宁波虽不直接处于太平军的控制之下,但太平天国在占领浙江以后必然会间接地影响到宁波进出口贸易,因为宁波腹地全都处于太平天国的控制之下,宁波进出口贸易是不能不与太平天国打交道的,因此太平天国对外贸易政策将在很大程度上影响到宁波进出口贸易的规模和进出口商品情况,第二阶段,太平天国占领宁波以后,这段时期虽然只有五个月,但太平天国占领宁波后采取的各种政策,对宁波进出口贸易发展产生了很大影响,第三阶段,从一八六一年到一八六六年太平军退出宁波以后,这一时期浙江大部还在太平天国的控制之下,因此宁波进出口贸易还是受到太平天国运动影响,只是随着太平天国运动的衰败,其对宁波影响越来越弱了。同时,我们也不能过分夸大太平天国运动对宁波发展的影响,事实上,浙江地区由于长期战争,社会很不稳定,生产更是无法正常进行,宁波还经过了长期的争夺战,本身也受到了重创,战争是宁波对外贸易发展的最大阻碍,再加上四十年代宁波对外贸易衰落,后劲不足,这一切都导致了五六十年代宁波进出口贸易增长缓慢。
[Abstract]:After the first Opium War, Ningbo was opened up as a port of trade. Since then, Ningbo's foreign trade has entered a new historical development period, but since the opening of the port, the growth of Ningbo's foreign trade has not developed as fast as in history. Since the Tang Dynasty, Ningbo's exchanges with foreign countries have become increasingly frequent and have lasted for thousands of years. Ningbo's economic prosperity has left a deep impression on western countries, so much so that the Treaty of Nanjing, concluded after the Opium War, was in the open port of commerce. Ningbo is listed among them. Although the development of foreign trade in Ningbo has been very slow since the opening of Ningbo, there are still many characteristics in each period. This paper focuses on Ningbo's foreign trade in Tai-Heavenly Kingdom period. The rise of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement has greatly promoted Ningbo's import and export trade and promoted the rapid development of Ningbo's economy. From 1851 to 1866, the rest of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was completely destroyed. In the 15 years before and after, the foreign trade exchange in Ningbo could be divided into three stages: the first stage, the occupation of Nanjing by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom from 1853. Before the occupation of Ningbo in 1861, although Ningbo was not directly under the control of the Taiping Army during this period, after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom occupied Zhejiang, it would inevitably affect the import and export trade of Ningbo indirectly. Because Ningbo's hinterland is all under the control of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Ningbo's import and export trade cannot but deal with the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Therefore, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom's foreign trade policy will greatly affect the scale of Ningbo's import and export trade and the situation of import and export commodities. In the second stage, after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom took over Ningbo, this period was only five months. However, the various policies adopted by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom after the occupation of Ningbo had a great impact on the development of Ningbo's import and export trade. In the third stage, after the Taiping Army withdrew from Ningbo in 1861 to 1866, During this period, most of Zhejiang was under the control of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, so Ningbo's import and export trade was still affected by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement, but with the decline of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, its influence on Ningbo became weaker and weaker. At the same time, we should not over-exaggerate the impact of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom movement on the development of Ningbo. In fact, due to the long war, the society in Zhejiang is very unstable, and production is not going on normally. Ningbo has also gone through a long battle. The war was the biggest obstacle to the development of Ningbo's foreign trade. In addition, the decline of Ningbo's foreign trade in the 1940s and lack of stamina led to the slow growth of Ningbo's import and export trade in the 1950s and 1960s.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F752.6;K254.9

【参考文献】