南京大屠杀前后南京市民生活秩序变迁研究（1937.7-1938.4）

发布时间：2018-04-27 09:16

  本文选题：南京大屠杀 + 生活秩序　； 参考：《南京大学》2011年博士论文

【摘要】：卢沟桥事变爆发后,日军又在上海挑起战火。1937年8月15日,日军开始轰炸南京,南京市民告别了常态生活秩序,进入了防御期的生活秩序；12月13日,南京沦陷,大屠杀拉开了帷幕,南京市民进入了空位期的生活秩序；1938年1月1日,日军扶植的过渡性傀儡政权——南京自治委员会正式运作,城市管理权力真空的局面就此终结。虽然这时局势有了些许好转,但日军暴行没有得到全面控制,南京市民只能生活在过渡期的生活秩序中；1938年1月底和2月初,东京当局开始思考更换华中方面军高级将领,2月中旬,松井石根被调回国。烟俊六大将上任后,切实恢复南京治安,积极推进难民回家,系统创设南京“常态化”殖民秩序,3月28日,日军扶持的中华民国维新政府成立,4月24日,督办南京市政公署成立,既是这项工作推进的结果,也是此项工作走向深入的标志。此时,除了少数无家可归、无依无靠的人,绝大多数难民回到了家中重建家园。这一秩序变迁过程是复杂的,在空间层面涉及四个层次：外城(城墙外)、中城(城墙到安全区)、内城(安全区)以及城中城(难民收容所)；在人物层面有五类主体的互动：中国政府官员、欧美外籍人士、欧美使领馆官员、日军、南京市民；也有影响全局的大事件：国民政府西迁、安全区委员会成立、“帕奈”号事件、南京大屠杀、自治委员会全面运作、欧美使领馆官员回归、阿利森事件、华中方面军高级将领更换和伪维新政府成立。经历了一个循环,南京市民进入了“常态化”殖民生活秩序,从一个常态进入另一个“常态”,看似回到了战前起点,其实政治的生态系统变了,南京已是元气大伤。本文结合战争进程对南京市民生活秩序变迁展开宏观分析,建构一个动态的市民生活秩序变迁谱系。在此基础上,对影响南京市民生活的信息传递、治安管理、住房保障、水电设施、交通运输、市场交易、医疗救助专题进行深入研究。
[Abstract]:After the Lugou Bridge incident broke out, the Japanese troops started fighting again in Shanghai. On August 15, 1937, the Japanese troops began bombing Nanjing, and the citizens of Nanjing broke away from the normal order of life and entered the life order of the defensive period. On December 13, Nanjing fell to Japan. The massacre began, Nanjing citizens entered the empty life order; on January 1, 1938, the transitional puppet regime, Nanjing Autonomous Committee, which was supported by the Japanese army, officially operated, and the situation of the power vacuum in the city management ended. Although the situation had improved a little, the atrocities of the Japanese army had not been fully controlled, and the citizens of Nanjing could only live in the order of the transitional period; at the end of January and early February 1938, Tokyo authorities began to think about replacing senior generals in central China, and Matsui Ishigen was transferred home in mid-February. After taking office, General Yanjun six effectively restored public order in Nanjing, actively promoted the return of refugees to their homes, and systematically created a "regularized" colonial order in Nanjing. On March 28, the reform government of the Republic of China, supported by the Japanese army, was set up, and on April 24, Supervision of the establishment of the Nanjing Municipal Administration is not only the result of this work, but also the symbol of the deepening of the work. At this time, the vast majority of refugees, except a few homeless and helpless, returned home to rebuild their homes. This process of order change is complicated, At the spatial level, there are four levels: the outer city (outside the city wall, the middle city (from the wall to the security zone), the inner city (the security zone) and the city in the city (refugee shelter); there are five types of interaction at the personage level: Chinese government officials, foreigners from Europe and the United States, European and American embassy and consulate officials, Japanese troops, and citizens of Nanjing; there were also major events affecting the overall situation: the westward relocation of the national government, the establishment of the security zone committee, the "Panai" incident, the Nanjing massacre, the full operation of the autonomy committee, and the return of the officials of the European and American embassies and consulates. Allison incident, the Central China Front Army senior general replacement and the establishment of pseudo-reform government. After a cycle, the citizens of Nanjing have entered the order of "regularization" of colonial life, from one normal to another, which seems to return to the pre-war starting point. In fact, the political ecosystem has changed, and Nanjing has been seriously damaged. Combined with the war process, this paper makes a macro analysis on the changes of the order of civil life in Nanjing, and constructs a dynamic pedigree of the vicissitude of the order of life of the citizens. On this basis, the information transmission, public security management, housing security, hydropower facilities, transportation, market transactions, medical assistance topics that affect the life of Nanjing citizens are studied in depth.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K265.6
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本文编号：1810137