近代保定市同业公会研究（1931-1949）

发布时间：2018-04-27 09:03

本文选题：保定市同业公会 + 政治参与　；参考：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近代同业公会是以“维持增进同业之公共利益,及矫正营业之弊害”为宗旨的行业自治组织。同业公会又是民国时期的法人社团组织,它在一定程度上推动了近代经济和社会的发展。保定市各同业公会是由“十三行”等行会组织演变而来。《工商同业公会法》颁布以后,在国民党地方政权的督促下,由保定总商会推动,保定市各同业公会于1931年陆续组建完成。各个同业公会成立后,它制定行业章程、整顿行业规范、维护行业利益。随着同业公会的发展壮大,保定市亦出现了商业繁荣、经济发展的局面。保定沦陷以后,日伪政府开始改造保定市同业公会。日伪政府通过改变商会与同业公会的关系、建立新民会、成立行业组合等措施完全控制了保定市各同业公会。沦陷时期,在日伪政府的裹挟下同业公会丧失了自主性,变为其殖民掠夺的工具。抗战胜利以后,保定市同业公会开始重建,不久,在国民党政权的挟持下,同业公会被迫参与了加固城防、征购材料、修筑工事等活动。在战争影响下,保定市场萧条,商户大面积歇业。保定解放后,同业公会逐渐退出了历史舞台。总而言之,近代保定市各同业公会是带有行业自治性质的社会团体。它通过积极发挥调控物价、调配物资、参与监标与评议等经济职能体现了行业自治性质;它通过参与交通事业、金融救市、战争索赔等社会活动又体现了社会团体的性质。研究近代保定市同业公会,对于探索民国时期内陆中小型城市的商业发展和社会变迁有着典型的意义。
[Abstract]:Modern trade association is an autonomous organization which aims at "maintaining and promoting the public interests of the same industry and correcting the malpractices of business". The trade association was also a corporation organization in the period of the Republic of China, which to some extent promoted the development of modern economy and society. The various trade associations in Baoding City evolved from the organizations of the "Thirteen elements" and other trade associations. After the promulgation of the Industrial and Commercial Association Law, under the supervision of the local government of the Kuomintang, the Baoding General Chamber of Commerce promoted it. Baoding City Trade Association in 1931 was set up one after another. After the establishment of each trade association, it formulates the trade charter, rectifies the profession standard, maintains the profession interest. With the development of trade association, Baoding City also appeared the situation of commercial prosperity and economic development. After the fall of Baoding, the Japanese government began to transform Baoding City Guild. By changing the relationship between the chamber of commerce and the trade association, establishing the new people's association and establishing the trade combination, the Japanese government completely controlled the various trade associations in Baoding City. During the period of Japanese occupation, the trade association lost its autonomy and became the tool of colonial plunder. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Baoding City Trade Association began to rebuild, and soon under the Kuomintang regime, the trade association was forced to take part in the activities of strengthening city defense, purchasing materials and building fortifications. Under the influence of the war, Baoding market depression, large-area closure of businesses. After the liberation of Baoding, the trade association gradually withdrew from the historical stage. In a word, modern Baoding City's trade associations are social organizations with the nature of industry autonomy. It embodies the autonomous nature of the industry by actively exerting the economic functions of regulating and controlling prices, allocating materials, participating in the supervision and evaluation of marks, and so on, while it embodies the nature of social organizations by participating in social activities such as transportation, financial rescue, war claims, and so on. The study of modern Baoding City Trade Association is of typical significance for exploring the commercial development and social changes of inland small and medium-sized cities in the period of the Republic of China.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K26

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