“关东州”行政设置研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 22:26

本文选题：大连 + 殖民地　；参考：《辽宁师范大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：旅大位于辽东半岛南端,有着优越的天然港湾,承担东北亚的交通枢纽,特殊的地理位置,引起列强纷至踏来。清朝末期俄国势力便侵入了满洲, 1898年俄国强行租借旅大,命名为“关东州”,俄国为了从“关东州”取得更多利益,使其成为侵略东北的前沿基地,对“关东州”从城市到乡村统治机构进行了行政设置,俄国试图以“关东州”为中心地位占有整个东北。它的这一侵略行径引起了日本的强烈不满,两国于1905年爆发战争,战争结果使日本成为“关东州”的“新主人”。日本为了殖民统治的需要对“关东州”实行了新的行政设置,在日本统治“关东州”的前期(1905年-1931年),地方上的最高统治机构经历了三次调整,每次改变都是殖民方式的一种强化。日本为了加强对城市和农村的管理,在“关东州”设置市制与会制,成为行政上的辅助机构。1931年九?一八事变后,日本的侵略势力扩大到全满洲,为了对东北进行有效的控制,日本政府对“关东州”的行政设置进行了改置。日本统治后期(1931年-1945年),关东州的最高统治机构由关东厅改为关东州厅,并隶属于新成立的关东局管辖之下,从此“关东州”的地位下降了。伴随着日本不断进行对外侵略战争,加剧了日本在殖民地的统治危机,1945年日本战败投降结束了对“关东州”长达40年的殖民统治,行政设置也随之瓦解。本文利用最新档案材料以及有关中外文献,全面、系统地介绍俄日两国如何在“关东州”进行行政设置,探讨行政设置几经变化的原因。通过比较俄日两国对“关东州”的行政设置,使人们更清楚的认识到日俄两国在“关东州”的行政设置是为殖民统治服务的,进而揭露日俄两国的侵略本质。以史为鉴,深入研究“关东州”的行政设置及其变更,对于探讨在当代经济快速发展的情况下,如何进行城市的规划和建设、怎样发挥城市职能,都具有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Located at the southern tip of Liaodong Peninsula, Yudou University has a superior natural harbor, taking on the transportation hub of Northeast Asia, and the special geographical position, which causes the great powers to step in. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Russian forces invaded Manchuria. In 1898, Russia forcibly leased its brigade under the name of "Kanto Prefecture." in order to gain more benefits from "Kanto Prefecture," Russia made it a frontier base for its invasion of the Northeast. From city to country, Russia tried to occupy the whole northeast with the center of "Kanto state". This act of aggression caused strong dissatisfaction in Japan, the two countries broke out in 1905, the result of the war made Japan become the "new master" of "Kanto state." For the need of colonial rule, Japan implemented a new administrative setup for "Kanto state". In the early days of Japanese rule of "Kanto state" (1905-1931), the local supreme ruling institutions underwent three adjustments. Each change is a reinforcement of the colonial approach. In order to strengthen the management of cities and rural areas, Japan set up a municipal system of participation in "Guandong State", which became an administrative auxiliary organization. After the 18th incident, the Japanese invading force expanded to Manchuria. In order to control the northeast effectively, the Japanese government changed the administrative structure of "Kanto state". In the late period of Japanese rule (1931-1945), the supreme ruling institution of Kanto state changed from Kanto office to Kanto state office, and was under the jurisdiction of the newly established Kanto bureau, so the status of "Kanto state" declined. With Japan's constant war of aggression abroad, the crisis of Japanese rule in the colonies was aggravated. In 1945, the defeat and surrender of Japan ended the colonial rule of "Kanto Prefecture" for 40 years, and the administrative setup was also disintegrated. Using the latest archival materials and relevant Chinese and foreign documents, this paper comprehensively and systematically introduces how Russia and Japan carry out administrative setup in "Guandong Prefecture", and probes into the reasons why the administrative setup has changed several times. By comparing the administrative setup of "Kanto state" between Russia and Japan, it is clear to people that the administrative setup of Japan and Russia in "Kanto Prefecture" serves for the colonial rule, thus exposing the essence of aggression between Japan and Russia. Taking history as a mirror and studying deeply the administrative setup and its changes of "Guandong State", it is of certain reference significance to discuss how to plan and construct cities and how to give full play to their functions under the circumstances of rapid economic development.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D693;K264

【共引文献】