民国以来井田有无之辨综论

发布时间：2018-04-28 17:14

  本文选题：井田 + 井田制　； 参考：《河南社会科学》2016年01期

【摘要】：20世纪20年代自胡适否定井田制存在,开启井田有无之辨大讨论后,学术界对井田有无的总体倾向从20年代有无对垒、各持一端,到30年代对垒格局渐次打破、以否定为主,再到40年代在专业历史学家的积极参与下肯定论渐居上风,井田有无之辨不断沿着科学理性的轨道向前推进。从1949—1979年,在马克思主义唯物史观的指导下和中国古代社会形态与古史分期问题讨论的推动下,井田制度的研究进入了一个全面展开与深化的崭新阶段。在政治因素的主导下,除了极个别否定论者艰辛固守外,绝大多数学者都肯定井田制的存在。在特殊的政治背景下,学术界对胡适《井田辨》的批判,融入了更多带有时代烙印的非学术因素。20世纪80年代以来,井田制的研究逐渐摆脱了新中国成立后政治主导下种种非学术因素的干扰和影响,逐渐向着纵深方向推进。该阶段的井田有无之辨大体上呈现出肯定论者不断实现理论突破和否定论由沉寂再度趋于"活跃"两个颇为鲜明的特点,从而再度打破20世纪50年代以来在政治因素主导下井田制肯定论"渐趋统一"的格局。部分学者关于井田、井田制名实之辨的理性反思,颇有助于重新审视20世纪20年代以来井田有无之辨长期难以打破僵局、未能取得根本性突破的症结之关键所在。在今后的井田制研究中,学术界应深入系统地清理20世纪20年代以来井田有无之辨的学术思路,在马克思主义唯物史观科学理论的指导下,对前人已有的丰富研究成果进行科学地批判与吸收,并不断发掘新材料,创新研究方法,以求最终科学破解井田有无问题的历史真相。
[Abstract]:Since Hu Shi negated the existence of well and field system in the 1920s and opened the debate on the existence or absence of the well field, the overall tendency of academic circles on the existence or absence of the well field has changed from whether there was a confrontation between the two sides in the 1920s, to the gradual breaking of the pattern of opposing bases in the 1930s, with negation being the main trend. In 1940s, with the active participation of professional historians, the affirmation theory gradually gained the upper hand, and the distinction between the existence and absence of the minefield continued to advance along the track of scientific rationality. From 1949 to 1979, under the guidance of Marxist historical materialism and the discussion of ancient Chinese social formation and ancient history staging, the study of mine field system entered a new stage of comprehensive development and deepening. Dominated by political factors, the vast majority of scholars affirmed the existence of well-field system except for a few negatives. Under the special political background, the criticism of Hu Shi by the academic circles has incorporated more non-academic factors with the imprint of the times since the 1980s. The research of well-field system gradually got rid of the interference and influence of various non-academic factors under the political domination after the founding of new China, and gradually advanced in the deep direction. The difference between the existence and absence of mine fields in this stage shows, in general, two distinct characteristics, namely, the continuous breakthrough of the theory of positivism and the tendency of the theory of negation from silence to "active" again. Thus, the pattern of "unification" of the affirmation theory of well-field system under the guidance of political factors has been broken again since the 1950s. Some scholars' rational introspection on the distinction between the name and reality of the well field system is quite helpful to re-examine whether the mine field has existed since the 1920s it is difficult to break the deadlock for a long time and the crux of the failure to make a fundamental breakthrough lies in the crux. In the future research on well and field system, the academic circles should thoroughly and systematically clean up the academic thinking of whether the well fields have been distinguished since the 1920s, under the guidance of Marxist scientific theory of historical materialism. This paper criticizes and absorbs the existing rich research achievements scientifically, and constantly excavates new materials and innovates research methods, in order to solve the historical truth of whether there is any problem in the mine field in the end.
【作者单位】： 苏州大学社会学院;
【基金】：苏州大学第三批东吴学者资助计划项目(R5103001) 苏州大学2013年度“卓越人才培养计划”项目高水平新课程建设项目(5832003813)
【分类号】：K258
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本文编号：1816164