二十世纪二三十年代禁止蓄婢问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 20:06

本文选题：民国 + 婢女　；参考：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：蓄婢习俗在中国由来已久。进入近代,在西方思想的影响下,人们要求禁婢,开展禁婢运动。本文运用以《申报》为主的报刊和有关档案,探讨二十世纪二三十年代关于婢制问题的讨论以及开展禁婢运动的情况。本文首先关注民国时期婢女生活状态,介绍民国蓄婢状况,当时社会上存在虐待婢女、婢女偷窃、婢女失踪与私逃等婢女问题,并日益引起媒体和社会的关注。由呼吁优待婢女到关于婢制存废的大讨论,再到要求官员和党员不得蓄婢,最后发展为全民的禁婢运动,进而影响到政府的法令决策。其次探讨社会上的禁婢主张与废婢组织,以及地方上开展的一些禁婢运动,如何推动国民政府颁布禁婢法令,解放婢女,进而又在社会上形成禁婢的高潮。当时主要有反对蓄婢会、全国废禁婢妾协会等禁婢组织。社会上的禁婢组织和运动与妇女解放运动形成互动关系,开始有组织地向政府施压。政府对此蓄婢问题的反应与举措,社会运动与政府行为之间互相推动和影响。最后分析并评价禁婢法令的实施效果暨民国时期婢女解放之情形。通过各方的努力,民国婢女的生活得到改善,婢女阶层出现很多新现象,禁婢运动取得一定成绩。民国时期的禁婢运动总体上收效不大,仍是“禁令与婢制并道而驰”。蓄婢陋习在民国没能得到彻底废除,是由于当时政治混乱、政策不能有效执行,经济社会状况和人们的文化心理等多重因素造成,且在禁婢的具体操作上存在困难。废婢虽然不很成功,社会上对于婢女问题的认识却是有了明显的进步。
[Abstract]:The custom of keeping maidservants has a long history in China. In modern times, under the influence of western thought, people demanded to ban maidservants and carry out the proscription movement. This paper discusses the discussion on the issue of women-servant system in the 1920s and 1930s and the situation of carrying out the proscription movement by using the newspapers and periodicals and the relevant archives. This paper first pays attention to the living condition of maidservant in the Republic of China and introduces the situation of maidservant in the Republic of China. At that time there were some problems such as maltreatment of maidservant, theft of maidservant, disappearance and escape of maidservant, which attracted more and more attention from the media and society. From calling for preferential treatment of maidservant to the great discussion about the system of saving and abolishing the maidservant, then to asking officials and party members not to have maidservants, and finally developing into the movement of banning female servants of the whole people, and then affecting the government's decision of decree. Secondly, it discusses the propositions and abolition organizations in the society, as well as some proscription movements carried out in the local areas, how to promote the national government to promulgate the proscription decree, liberate the maidservant, and then form the climax of the ban on female maidservant in the society. At that time there were mainly against the maidservant association, the national ban on female concubinage association and other prohibited organizations. The organizations and movements of the proscribed women and the women's liberation movement interacted with each other, and began to exert pressure on the government in an organized way. The government's response and action to this problem, social movement and government behavior promote and influence each other. Finally, it analyzes and evaluates the effect of the law and the emancipation of maidservant in the period of Republic of China. Through the efforts of all parties, the life of the maidservant in the Republic of China was improved, and many new phenomena appeared in the maidservant class. In the period of the Republic of China, the ban on women-servant movement had little effect on the whole, and it was still "the prohibition and the women-servant system." In the Republic of China, the bad habit of keeping maidservant was not completely abolished because of the political chaos, the failure to carry out the policy effectively, the economic and social situation and the people's cultural psychology, and so on, and there were difficulties in the concrete operation of the prohibition of maidservant. Although the abolition of maidservant is not very successful, the social understanding of the problem of maidservant has made obvious progress.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K26

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