《星期评论》与五四时期社会改造思潮

发布时间：2018-05-13 23:25

本文选题：戴季陶 + 《星期评论》　；参考：《复旦大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 1919年6月,在五四运动的影响下,以孙中山为代表的资产阶级革命党人反思辛亥革命失败的教训,认识到人的现代化是政治变革、社会变革的前提。他们积极投身当时汹涌澎湃的新文化运动,先后创办了《星期评论》、《民国日报》副刊“觉悟”、《建设》三大刊物,对新文化运动起了推波助澜的作用。《星期评论》的创办人戴季陶、沈玄庐和孙棣三,主要撰稿人有戴季陶、沈玄庐、李汉俊。陈独秀、胡适、李大钊、罗家伦、蒋梦麟等名噪一时的新文化运动的代表人物为刊物供过稿,朱执信、胡汉民、廖仲恺等国民党的重要理论人物也有一些言说在上面发表。《星期评论》的发行量在高峰时超过了3万份,当时它与《每周评论》齐名,一起被誉为“舆论界中最亮的两颗明星”。深入探讨《星期评论》与五四时期社会改造思潮的关系对研究中共党史和中国现代史有着十分重大的意义。《星期评论》的第一大特色是研究劳工运动。从创刊到停刊,几乎每期都有关于劳工问题的重要文章。这些文章主要包括三大类：(1)介绍世界劳工运动；(2)调查中国劳工状况,(3)探讨解决中国的劳工问题的途径。女子解放是五四时期的热门话题,《星期评论》曾开辟专题《女子解放从那里做起》,引来了多方的积极参与。《星期评论》关于女子解放问题的探讨主要包括女子解放的主体是谁；女子解放与男子解放的关系；“女子解放”还是“女子神圣”；女子解放与教育平等、经济独立、改造家庭组织的关系等几个方面。《星期评论》是当时宣传马克思主义的重要阵地。该刊向读者介绍了马克思、恩格斯、李卜克内西等国际共产主义史上的重要人物,阐述了马克思主义基本理论的主要内容,并提出马克思主义要与各国国情相结合这一命题。该刊对十月革命以后俄国的发展情况给予了高度的关注。《星期评论》是国民党人创办的理论刊物,对孙中山及其三民主义的推崇自然是题中之义。在宣传三民主义方面,该刊的侧重点是介绍全民政治和直接民权思想,探讨如何发展中国的实业,实现民生主义。《星期评论》对五四时期喧嚣一时的互助论、新村主义等思想也给予了不少关注,对当时在北京等地兴办的工读互助团给予了舆论上的支持。在国内工读互助团的实践失败后,又曾刊文探讨失败的原因。总之,《星期评论》积极宣传新文化、新思想,探讨中国的前途和未来,探索救国救民之路,是五四时期从属于新文化阵营的一份进步刊物。该刊的中的一些文章用今天的眼光看可能带有这样或那样的缺点,但那大多数是时代造成的,不足为怪,更不影响其在当时的进步性。
[Abstract]:In June 1919, under the influence of the May 4th Movement, the bourgeois revolutionaries, represented by Sun Zhongshan, reflected on the lessons of the failure of the 1911 Revolution and realized that the modernization of human beings was the premise of political and social change. They actively devoted themselves to the surging new cultural movement at that time, and successively set up the "week Review", the "Republic of China Daily" supplement, "consciousness" and "Construction", which contributed to the new cultural movement. Dai Jitao, Shen Xuanlu and Sun Disan, chief contributors are Dai Jitao, Shen Xuanlu, Li Hanjun. Chen Duxiu, Hu Shi, Li Dazhao, Luo Jialun, Jiang Menglin and other famous representatives of the New Culture Movement contributed articles to the publication, Zhu Zhixin, Hu Han-min, Some of the important KMT theorists, such as Liao Zhongkai, have also published some words on it. The circulation of the Weekly Review reached a peak of more than 30, 000. At that time, it was in line with the Weekly Review. Together known as the "two brightest stars in the world of public opinion." It is of great significance to study the history of the Communist Party of China and the modern history of China to probe into the relationship between the Weekly Review and the ideological trend of social reform during the May 4th Movement. The first feature of the Weekly Review is the study of the labor movement. From its inception to its suspension, almost every issue has important articles on labour issues. These articles mainly include three categories: 1) introduction to the World Labor Movement / 2) investigation of China's Labor situation. (3) ways to solve China's Labor problems. Women's emancipation was a hot topic in the May 4th period. Week Review once opened a special topic, "Women's Liberation from where", which attracted the active participation of many parties. The discussion about women's emancipation mainly includes who is the main body of women's liberation; The relationship between the emancipation of women and the liberation of men; whether the emancipation of women is sacred to women; the equality of women's liberation with education, the economic independence, the relations of reforming family organizations and so on. The Weekly Review was an important front for propagating Marxism at that time. The journal introduces the important figures in the history of international communism, such as Marx, Engels, Libknessy and so on, expounds the main contents of the basic theory of Marxism, and puts forward the proposition that Marxism should be combined with the national conditions of various countries. The magazine paid great attention to the development of Russia after the October Revolution. The weekly review is a theoretical publication founded by the Kuomintang, and it is natural to praise Sun Zhongshan and the three people's principles. In the aspect of propagandizing the three people's principles, the emphasis of the magazine is to introduce the people's politics and the idea of direct civil rights, and to discuss how to develop China's industry and realize the people's livelihood doctrine. The "week Review" also paid much attention to the theory of mutual aid and the new villanism of the May 4th period, and gave public opinion support to the working and reading mutual-aid groups set up in Beijing and other places at that time. After the failure of the practice of the work-study mutual aid group in China, it has published articles to discuss the causes of the failure. In a word, week Review actively propagates new culture and new ideas, probes into the future and future of China, and explores the way to save the nation and save the people. It is a progressive publication belonging to the new culture camp during the May 4th Movement. Some of the articles in the journal may have some shortcomings in the eyes of today, but most of them are caused by the times, not surprisingly, not to mention their progress at that time.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K261

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