抗战时期重庆机器工业同业公会研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 19:56

本文选题：抗战时期 + 重庆机器工业同业公会　；参考：《西南大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以档案资料为主要史料,以重庆机器工业同业公会作为研究对象,考察在抗战这一特殊历史环境下,重庆机器工业同业公会的发展历程、组织制度和功能。认为：抗战初期,沿海机器工业内迁至重庆,并承担大量军需订货,重庆机器工业迅速发展,是重庆机器工业同业公会成立的根本动力。政府为利用同业公会协助市场管理,强化同业公会制度则为重庆机器工业同业公会的成立提供了政治土壤。但由于缺乏稳定的政治经济环境,重庆机器工业同业公会在1943年发生了急剧变化。一方面,由于重庆机器工业衰落,重庆机器工业同业公会会员数量出现波动；另一方面,为挽救行业危机,重庆机器工业同业公会的重要性愈发凸显出来。组织运营方面,重庆机器工业同业公会各项机构设置较为完整,但实行以资本为前提的有限民主,打击了小工厂的积极性。并且由于经费筹集方式存在缺陷,影响了重庆机器工业同业公会的形象和职能的发挥。此外,因重庆机器工业同业公会的奖惩制度不具强制力,对于会员的管理主要依赖于会员对公会能力的信任。在统制经济条件下,重庆机器工业同业公会协助政府管理经济的职能增强,却在一定程度上冲击了公会自治功能。在公会运营过程中虽竭力解决会员困难,但往往收效甚微。并且由于政府实行经济统制,重庆机器工业同业公会虽较多地协助政府进行社会动员,但主动参与政治的空间却极为有限,政治职能受到压抑。此外,抗战时期,重庆机器工业同业公会配合政府及商会倡导的各种社会公益活动,在战时社会建设方面发挥了重要作用。
[Abstract]:Taking the archives as the main historical data and the Chongqing Machine Industry Association as the research object, this paper investigates the development process, organization system and function of the Chongqing Machine Industry Association under the special historical environment of the War of Resistance against Japan. It is considered that: At the beginning of the War of Resistance against Japan, the coastal machinery industry moved inland to Chongqing and undertook a large number of orders for military supplies. The rapid development of Chongqing machinery industry was the fundamental motive force for the establishment of the Chongqing Machinery Industry Association. The government provided the political soil for the establishment of Chongqing Machine Industry Association by using the trade association to assist the market management and to strengthen the trade association system. However, due to the lack of stable political and economic environment, Chongqing Machine Industry Association changed dramatically in 1943. On the one hand, due to the decline of Chongqing machine industry, the number of Chongqing machine industry association staff fluctuated; on the other hand, in order to save the industry crisis, the importance of Chongqing machine industry trade association has become more and more prominent. In terms of organization and operation, the establishment of various organizations of Chongqing Machine Industry Association is relatively complete, but the implementation of limited democracy with capital as the premise has dealt a blow to the enthusiasm of small factories. Because of the defect of fund raising, it affects the image and function of Chongqing Machine Industry Association. In addition, because the reward and punishment system of Chongqing Machine Industry Association is not mandatory, the management of the member mainly depends on the trust of the member to the guild ability. Under the condition of controlling economy, the function of Chongqing Machine Industry Association to assist the government to manage the economy is enhanced, but to some extent it impacts on the autonomous function of the guild. In the operation of the guild, although the efforts to resolve the difficulties of members, but often to little effect. Because of the economic control of the government, although the Chongqing Machine Industry Association helps the government to carry out social mobilization, the space for active participation in politics is very limited, and the political function is suppressed. In addition, during the Anti-Japanese War, Chongqing Machine Industry Association cooperated with various social public welfare activities advocated by the government and the Chamber of Commerce, and played an important role in wartime social construction.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K265;F429

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