湖南维新时期的南学会研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 04:34

本文选题：南学会 + 湖南维新运动　；参考：《中南大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：甲午战争之后,日本以及西方列强对中国虎视眈眈,中国的国家和民族危机日益加重。在与西方的交往过程中,一些立志于救国救民的仁人志士在对比了东西方政治、经济制度后,清醒地认识到：只有通过变法,向西方学习才能拯救中国。同时由于湖南独特的地理环境和人文环境,一大批爱国之士聚拢于此,掀起了一场声势浩大的拯救民族和国家危亡的维新运动。在湖南维新运动中,南学会扮演着极为重要的角色。一方面南学会会员通过自身的经济实力和条件参与湖南近代工矿企业以及政治、教育改革；另一方面通过讲演、答问以及在各府厅州县设分会,上通督抚,下联士绅,积极联络各地开明士绅,以《湘学报》和《湘报》配合宣传,广泛地介绍了西学和变法思想,犀利地批判了传统封建思想文化。在其影响下,湖南一系列的新政措施得到了士民的认可,促进了湖南人的觉醒,极大地推动了湖南维新运动的发展。随着南学会宣传的深入和维新运动的推进,南学会受到了顽固派的阻挠和攻击,维新知识分子奋起反抗,掀起了一场令人瞩目的新旧之争,但由于自身的原因以及一些其他客观原因,激进的维新知识分子败下阵来,南学会最终停办,湖南所有的新政除保卫局、矿务局外一律被取缔,湖南维新运动陷入低潮。维新知识分子通过在湖南的实践,为后续的全国性戊戌变法运动提供了必要的参照。湖南维新运动最后虽然失败了,但却给湖南带来了深刻的变革和思想冲击,使得湖南在后来的清末新政中得到了较快发展；维新运动的失败也使得一大批士绅和知识分子认识到了清政府统治的腐败和顽固势力的强大,对随后湖南自立军起义产生了直接的影响。
[Abstract]:After the Sino-Japanese War, Japan and Western powers were eyeing China covetously, and China's national and national crisis worsened day by day. In the process of communication with the West, some people who are determined to save the country and save the people, after comparing the political and economic systems of the East and the West, soberly realize that only through reform can we save China from the West. At the same time, because of Hunan's unique geographical environment and humanistic environment, a large number of patriotic people gathered in this area, set off a huge national and national crisis of the reform movement. In the Hunan Reformation Movement, the South Institute played an extremely important role. On the one hand, the members of the South School participated in Hunan's modern industrial and mining enterprises and political and educational reforms through their own economic strength and conditions; on the other hand, through lectures, answers, and branch offices in various prefectures and counties, the Shang Tong Governor and the lower gentry, He actively liaised with the enlightened gentry in various places and, with the cooperation of the "Hunan Journal" and the "Xiangbao", extensively introduced western learning and reform thought, and sharply criticized the traditional feudal ideology and culture. Under its influence, a series of new policy measures in Hunan were recognized by scholars and people, promoted the awakening of Hunan people, and greatly promoted the development of Hunan Reformation Movement. With the deepening of the propaganda of the South Institute and the promotion of the reform movement, the South Institute was obstructed and attacked by the die-hards, and the reformist intellectuals rose up against it and set off a remarkable struggle between the old and the new. However, because of their own reasons and some other objective reasons, the radical reformist intellectuals were defeated, the South Institute was eventually suspended, all the new policies in Hunan except the Bureau of Defense and the Bureau of Mines were banned, and the reform movement in Hunan fell into a low tide. Through the practice in Hunan, the Reformation intellectuals provided the necessary reference for the national Reform Movement of 1898. Although the reform movement of Hunan failed in the end, it brought profound reform and ideological impact to Hunan, which made Hunan develop rapidly in the New deal of the late Qing Dynasty. The failure of the reform movement also made a large number of gentry and intellectuals realize the corruption and the diehard power of the Qing government, which had a direct influence on the uprising of Hunan Independence Army.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K256.5

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