国民政府时期立法院的地位与权限

发布时间：2018-05-20 03:38

本文选题：立法院 + 国会　；参考：《历史研究》2014年06期

【摘要】：1928年,国民政府试行包括立法院在内的五院体制。立法院的定位直接源于孙中山的宪法思想,是五权宪法的核心矛盾之一。孙中山并未完全否定立法院之国会地位;国民政府时期也未将立法委员彻底"去民意代表化",立法院在一定程度上仍包含"代议机关"的因子,且在制宪过程中其代表性有增强的趋势;立法院仍相对独立地行使国会的核心权力。立法院作为独立的治权机关,事实上仍保有国会核心的权力:立法权、议决宪法草案之权力、预算权、质询权与重大事项同意权。但是,立法院职权的行使受到其他权力机关的限制,其与欧美典型国会相较,并非完整、唯一之代议机关,除立法院外,国民大会与监察院在代表性与职权上均有国会之性质。
[Abstract]:In 1928, the National Government tried out a five-house system, including the Legislative Yuan. The position of the Legislative Yuan derives directly from Sun Zhongshan's constitutional thought and is one of the core contradictions of the five-power Constitution. The Sun Zhongshan did not completely deny the status of the Legislative Yuan in Congress, nor did the National Government completely "derepresent public opinion" during the period of the National Government. To a certain extent, the Legislative Yuan still contains the elements of "representative organs." The Legislative Yuan still exercises the core powers of Parliament relatively independently. As an independent governing body, the Legislative Yuan in fact retains the core powers of Congress: legislative power, power to resolve draft constitution, budget power, inquiry power, and power to agree on important matters. However, the exercise of the functions and powers of the Legislative Yuan is restricted by other organs of power. Compared with the typical Congress in Europe and the United States, it is not complete. The only representative organ, except the Legislative Yuan, the National Assembly and the Supervision Yuan have the nature of the Congress in terms of their representativeness and functions.
【作者单位】：清华大学法学院;
【基金】：“北京高等学校青年英才计划项目”(项目编号YETP0144)的支持
【分类号】：D929;K258;D926.2

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