创伤记忆与社会认同:南京大屠杀历史认知的公共建构

发布时间：2018-05-23 19:55

本文选题：南京大屠杀 + 创伤记忆　；参考：《江海学刊》2017年05期

【摘要】：南京大屠杀是二战历史上一段不堪回首的记忆。作为典型的创伤记忆,南京大屠杀受害者正经受一场不易察觉却又不容忽视的社会认同危机。无论是"哀其不幸、怒其不争"的国耻论,还是为了维护民族自尊心而刻意放大大屠杀中的反抗,都是南京大屠杀死难者所面临的社会认同危机的现代表征。南京大屠杀迄今已80周年,对于没有经历过那场浩劫的人来说,往往过度苛责南京大屠杀死难者缺乏反抗精神。产生这种质疑的根本原因在于缺乏对于南京大屠杀发生时的真实状况的了解及大屠杀受害者面对屠杀时极端无助的心理状态的正确认识,低估了极端情况下情境的力量,从而产生了基本归因错误。因此,必须从自身和社会两个层面构建全人类共同的创伤记忆,并通过这一建构,为南京大屠杀受害者获取最为广泛的社会认同。
[Abstract]:The Nanjing Massacre was an unthinkable memory in the history of World War II. As a typical traumatic memory, the victims of Nanjing Massacre are experiencing a crisis of social identity which can not be seen but can not be ignored. Whether it is the theory of "mourn its misfortune, anger its indisputable" national shame, or deliberately magnify the resistance in the Holocaust in order to maintain national pride, it is a modern symbol of the crisis of social identity faced by the victims of Nanjing Massacre. The 80 th anniversary of the Nanjing Massacre, for those who have not experienced it, often too much to blame the Nanjing Massacre victims of a lack of resistance. The root cause of this doubt lies in the lack of a correct understanding of the real situation at the time of the Nanjing Massacre and the correct understanding of the extremely helpless psychological state of the victims of the massacre, thus underestimating the power of the situation in extreme situations. As a result, basic attribution errors occur. Therefore, it is necessary to construct the common traumatic memory of all mankind from the two aspects of itself and society, and through this construction, to obtain the most extensive social identity for the victims of Nanjing Massacre.
【作者单位】：江苏省社会科学院哲学与文化研究所;南京大屠杀史与国际和平研究院;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目“世界文化多样性与文化对话研究”(项目号:13CGJ010)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K265.6

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