天府煤矿研究（1938—1945）

发布时间：2018-05-23 22:01

本文选题：天府煤矿 + 抗战时期　；参考：《重庆师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：全面抗日战争爆发,东部沿海工业、机关、学校、人口的Qg迁,刺激着重庆能源的发展。一时间,煤炭成为主要的能源消费方式。由于重庆地区具有丰富的煤炭储藏,战时国民政府对工矿企业的大力扶持,再加上Qg迁工厂、机关对煤炭的大量需求。(原)天府煤矿总经理卢作孚本着“加强后方煤矿工业,以利抗战建国”的目标,抓住这个机会与河南中福煤矿公司合办天府煤矿,天府煤矿于1938年5月1日实现了抗战初期的重组。天府煤矿重组后在(原)天府煤矿的基础上,通过改善煤炭生产条件、运输条件和销售条件,建立起了战时煤炭产运销体系。首先,完善煤炭生产设备之后,天府煤矿的煤炭生产设备便开始雄冠重庆。这就直接促成了天府煤矿无出其右的煤炭生产量。其次,通过改善和完善煤炭运输方式,以达到多种运输方式并存。运输条件的改善促使天府煤矿的煤炭运输量逐年增长。最后,在国家资本的渗透和控制下,天府煤矿垄断了重庆的煤炭销售市场,实现了煤炭销售的猛增。煤炭生产条件的改善、运输方式的丰富以及煤炭销路的垄断,很自然地增加煤矿的出售量,改善煤矿经营状况,这为职工待遇的提高提供了保障。天府煤矿通过施行具有竞争力的工资制度,制定工人抚恤章程,给工人提供事业补助食宿、医疗卫生、教育和娱乐等福利。天府煤矿是一家政府高度控制的中外合资企业,技术先进、设备完善,煤矿规模宏大等特征。遵循“边生产,边建设”的方针,通过完善煤矿产、运、销体系,逐渐发展成为大后方最大的煤矿。天府煤矿通过为战时工业提供大量的煤炭、为前线提供兵源等方式,为重庆社会、经济和抗战做出了巨大的贡献。同时也通过对煤矿技术人才的培养、对炼焦技术的创新和对交通工具的改善,对中国煤矿业的发展功不可没。然而,天府煤矿自身也体现出一定的局限性,即明显的排外性、疏于对工人的安全教育培训等。
[Abstract]:The outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan and the QG migration of industries, institutions, schools and populations along the eastern coast have stimulated the development of Chongqing's energy resources. For a time, coal became the main way of energy consumption. Because of the abundant coal reserves in Chongqing, the great support of the national government in wartime to the industrial and mining enterprises, and the relocation of the QG factory, there is a large demand for coal by the government. (formerly) Lu Zuofu, general manager of Tianfu Coal Mine, aimed at "strengthening the rear coal industry for the sake of the establishment of the War of Resistance against Japan" and seizing this opportunity to jointly organize the Tianfu Coal Mine with Henan Zhongfu Coal Mine Company. Tianfu Coal Mine was reorganized at the beginning of the War of Resistance on May 1, 1938. After the reorganization of Tianfu Coal Mine, on the basis of (former) Tianfu Coal Mine, through improving the coal production conditions, transportation conditions and sales conditions, a wartime coal production and marketing system was established. First, after improving the coal production equipment, Tianfu coal production equipment began to crown Chongqing. This directly contributed to the Tianfu coal mine without its right coal production. Secondly, through improving and perfecting the coal transport mode, to achieve the coexistence of various modes of transportation. The improvement of transportation condition impels the coal transport volume of Tianfu coal mine to increase year by year. Finally, under the control of national capital, Tianfu Coal Mine monopolized the coal sales market in Chongqing and realized the surge of coal sales. The improvement of the coal production conditions, the rich transportation mode and the monopoly of the coal market naturally increase the quantity of coal mine sale and improve the coal mine management situation, which provides the guarantee for the improvement of the treatment of the workers and staff. Through competitive wage system, Tianfu Coal Mine establishes workers' pension regulations and provides workers with welfare, such as subsidized accommodation, medical care, education and entertainment. Tianfu Coal Mine is a highly controlled joint venture with advanced technology, perfect equipment and large scale coal mine. Following the policy of "production and construction", coal mine production, transportation and marketing system have gradually developed into the largest coal mine in the rear area. Tianfu Coal Mine has made great contributions to Chongqing's society, economy and the War of Resistance by providing a large amount of coal for wartime industry and providing troops for the front line. At the same time, it also contributes to the development of China's coal mining industry through the cultivation of technical talents in coal mines, the innovation of coking technology and the improvement of vehicles. However, Tianfu coal mine itself also reflects some limitations, that is, the obvious exclusiveness, the lack of safety education and training of workers, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K265;F429

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