抗战时期陕甘宁边区商业发展研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 20:17

本文选题：抗战时期 + 陕甘宁边区　；参考：《延安大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：抗日战争时期,在党中央及边区政府正确的方针政策的指引下,边区在极其恶劣的环境中,面对艰难困阻发展商业,取得了辉煌的成就,并且在保障供给、促进工农业发展及改善人民群众生活水平中发挥出自身的重大作用。因此,研究边区的商业发展,抽象其特点作用,总结其历史经验,具有极其重要价值和意义。抗战时期陕甘宁边区的商业是在正确的方针政策的基础上得以发展的。1942年边区高干会上毛泽东同志提出了“发展经济,保障供给”的财政经济总方针,1941年陈云同志解释说明的“对外调剂,对内自由”的商业贸易政策,党中央和边区政府根据边区的条件,对边区公营商业、私营商业及合作社商业应时、应地的具体的政策措施,都是边区商业发展的理论基础。抗战时期陕甘宁边区的公营商业包括政府经营的和机关部队学校经营的公营商业两个部分,经历了初步建立和公营商业体系的形成及发展两个过程。私营商业的发展在这一时期包括边区私营商业的恢复和发展、皖南事变后边区私营商业的发展及边区市镇的集市贸易。边区合作社商业的发展包括边区消费合作社的初步建立与发展、皖南事变后消费合作社的新发展以及延安南区合作社的发展。抗战时期陕甘宁边区的商业是在特殊的环境中发展壮大的,商业发展过程中具有阶段性、平衡性、特殊性、模范性、广泛性和战时性的特点。这一时期边区的商业发展也有其特殊的作用:打破了敌人的经济封锁,保障了边区的物资供给;促进了农业及工业的发展,为边区的经济建设做出了应有的贡献;改善了人民群众的生活水平;为新中国培养了一批有用的经商人才。抗战时期陕甘宁边区商业发展的历史经验对今天的经济发展具有借鉴作用。抗战时期陕甘宁边区商业发展的首要前提是制定实施正确的商业发展政策;物质基础是以农业和工业发展为基础;思想保证是努力克服经营商业中的错误思想倾向;力量源泉是密切联系人民群众,调动各方面的积极性;关键是自力更生,艰苦奋斗的创业精神。
[Abstract]:During the War of Resistance against Japan, under the guidance of the correct principles and policies of the Party Central Committee and the government of the Border region, in an extremely harsh environment, faced with difficulties and obstructions in the development of commerce, made brilliant achievements and ensured supply. Promote the development of industry and agriculture and improve the people's living standards play a major role in their own. Therefore, it is of great value and significance to study the commercial development of the border area, abstract its characteristic function and summarize its historical experience. During the War of Resistance against Japan, commerce in the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region was developed on the basis of correct principles and policies. In 1942, Comrade Mao Zedong proposed "developing the economy," at the Gao Gan meeting of the Border region. The general financial and economic policy of "ensuring supply", the commercial and trade policy of "external readjustment, freedom to the interior" explained by Comrade Chen Yun in 1941, the Party Central Committee and the government of the Border region, in accordance with the conditions of the Border region, provide public commerce to the Border region. The concrete policy measures of private commerce and cooperative commerce are the theoretical basis of the commercial development in the border area. During the Anti-Japanese War, the public commerce in the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region consisted of two parts: one was the government and the other was the schools of the Organ Army, which experienced two processes: the initial establishment and the formation and development of the public commercial system. The development of private commerce in this period included the restoration and development of private commerce in the border area, the development of private commerce in the border area after the Southern Anhui incident and the market trade in the towns of the border region. The development of the cooperative commerce in the border area includes the initial establishment and development of the consumption cooperative in the border area, the new development of the consumer cooperative after the incident in southern Anhui and the development of the cooperative in the southern region of Yan'an. During the War of Resistance against Japan, the commerce of the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region developed in a special environment, with the characteristics of stage, balance, particularity, model, extensiveness and wartime in the process of commercial development. In this period, the commercial development of the border region also played a special role: breaking the enemy's economic blockade, ensuring the material supply of the border region, promoting the development of agriculture and industry, and making due contributions to the economic construction of the border region; Improved the living standards of the people and trained a number of useful business people for the new China. The historical experience of commercial development in Shaanxi-Kansu-Ningxia Border region during the War of Resistance against Japan is a reference for today's economic development. During the Anti-Japanese War, the first premise of the commercial development in the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region was to formulate and implement the correct commercial development policy, the material basis was based on the development of agriculture and industry, the ideological guarantee was to try to overcome the erroneous ideological tendency in the business operation. The source of strength is to keep in close touch with the masses and arouse the enthusiasm of all sides, and the key is the spirit of self-reliance and hard work.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K265;F729

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