1959-1961年间唐山地区救灾渡荒研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 14:07

本文选题：“三年困难时期” + 唐山地区　；参考：《苏州大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：1959—1961年的大灾荒,历年来被史学工作者及一部分经济学、社会学工作者所广泛关注。但细究起来,不难发现学者们的研究重点主要集中于灾荒的严重程度及造成灾荒的原因两个方面,对于灾荒的救助则鲜有人研究。本文借助历史学、社会保障学、社会救助学的相关研究方法及理论,对1959—1961年间唐山地区的救灾渡荒问题进行全面探究。本文从灾情的历史回放、成因分析、应对举措、成绩与不足、经验教训等几个方面全面考察了1959—1961年间唐山地区的救灾渡荒工作,勾勒出了唐山地区灾荒的全貌,指出此次灾荒是在自然灾害、“大跃进”和人民公社化运动的合力作用下形成的。通过对城镇和农村救灾渡荒工作的考察,认为此次救灾虽然省级政府反应有些迟缓,但由于唐山地区各级政府的积极领导与高度重视,加之前期的各类防灾措施的有效落实,使得救灾渡荒工作取得了明显成效,避免了大规模社会动乱的发生,但也存在明显的不足。到1961年底,唐山地区灾荒得到基本遏制。唐山地区在救灾渡荒工作中留下的经验教训值得认真总结。
[Abstract]:The famine of 1959-1961 has been widely concerned by historians, some economists and sociologists. However, it is not difficult to find that scholars focus on two aspects: the severity of famine and the causes of famine, while the relief of famine is seldom studied. With the help of the relevant research methods and theories of history, social security and social relief, this paper makes a comprehensive study of the relief and wasteland problems in Tangshan from 1959 to 1961. This paper reviews the disaster relief work in Tangshan from the aspects of historical replay, cause analysis, countermeasures, achievements and shortcomings, experiences and lessons, and outlines the overall picture of the famine in Tangshan area. It is pointed out that the famine was formed by the combined action of natural disasters, Great Leap forward and the people's commune movement. Through the investigation of urban and rural disaster relief and wasteland relief, it is concluded that although the provincial government has been somewhat slow in responding to the disaster relief, the active leadership and high attention of the governments at all levels in the Tangshan region, together with the effective implementation of various disaster prevention measures in the early period, The relief and famine relief work has achieved obvious results and avoided the occurrence of large-scale social unrest, but there are also obvious shortcomings. By the end of 1961, Tangshan region famine was basically contained. The experiences and lessons left in the relief and famine relief work in Tangshan area are worth summing up.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K27

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