鸦片战争前广东海防炮台考订

发布时间：2018-06-01 05:00

本文选题：清代 + 广东　；参考：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：海防炮台是沿海地区一项重要的军事防御工程,起到保护沿海居民安全、保卫内陆重要城镇、捍卫海疆权益、防止侵略等重要作用。我国在明代抗击倭寇的斗争中,在沿海险要地区设置了大量卫所堡垒,有效的抵制了侵略。清代基本上继承了明代卫所体系,并且将明代的卫所堡垒发扬广大,同时参照西洋的炮台建筑样式,形成了要塞炮台。清代的炮台设计较明代优化了炮台型制和建筑材料,逐步形成了一个完整的炮台要塞体系,炮台分布星罗棋布。这些炮台修建时间持续一百多年,耗资巨大,且工程艰巨,遍布我国绵长的海岸线,堪称“海上万里长城”。这些炮台在近代反侵略战争中发挥着非常重要的作用,虽然有时在战争中有所失败,但仍然成为那个时代中国人民坚强不屈的精神象征。广东省广州作为清代中后期重要的通商口岸,作为主要与西方交流的窗口,同时担负着国家海防安全的重任,所以清代广东的海防炮台在鸦片战争爆发之前可以说是修建最早,规模最大,且最具代表性和推广性。从当今大多数学者的研究方向来看他们多关注广东中路的虎门炮台防御体系,而对于鸦片战争前的广东全省的炮台整体上的考订工作并不多见,由于年代久远,行政区划调整,地名更迭和地理沿革,广东沿海的炮台考订工作比较困难,本文愿为此项考订工作做某方面的尝试。本文以鸦片战争前的广东海防炮台考订为主要线索,详细论述广东省三路海防炮台的情况。文章分为五个部分,第一部分介绍清代广东沿海地理和海防部署概况,第二部分通过具体史料对东路的潮惠二府炮台进行考实,第三部分是对中路的广州府各地的炮台进行考订,第四部分主要是对西路肇高雷廉琼五府的炮台进行考实,第五部分主要是说明广东沿海炮台在内外战争中的作用,并指出炮台的局限性,从而概括出清代广东炮台的修建特征。
[Abstract]:Coastal fortress is an important military defense project in coastal areas, which plays an important role in protecting the safety of coastal residents, defending inland important towns, defending the rights and interests of coastal areas, preventing aggression and so on. In the struggle against Japanese invaders in the Ming Dynasty, China set up a large number of forts in the dangerous coastal areas, which effectively resisted aggression. The Qing Dynasty basically inherited the Ming Dynasty Wei Institute system, and carried forward the Ming Dynasty fortress to a great extent, at the same time, referring to the western fortress architecture style, the fortress was formed. The fortress design in Qing Dynasty was better than that in Ming Dynasty, and a complete fortress system was gradually formed. These forts lasted for more than one hundred years, and cost a great deal of money, and the project is arduous, spread all over our country's long coastline, can be called "the Great Wall of the Sea". These forts played a very important role in the modern war against aggression. Although they sometimes failed in the war, they still became the spiritual symbol of the Chinese people's tenacity and unyielding in that era. Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, as an important port of trade in the middle and late Qing dynasties, as a window for mainly exchanges with the West, and at the same time shouldering the important task of national coastal defense security, can be said to have been the earliest to be built before the Opium War broke out in the Qing Dynasty. The largest scale, and the most representative and extensive. Judging from the research direction of most scholars today, they pay more attention to the Humen Battery Defense system in the Middle Road of Guangdong Province. However, there is not much research work on the whole battery in Guangdong Province before the Opium War. Due to the passage of time, the administrative divisions have been adjusted. Place names change and geographical evolution, Guangdong coastal battery examination work is more difficult, this paper is willing to do some try for this examination work. This paper discusses the situation of Guangdong Coast Guard Battery in three roads of Guangdong Province in detail, based on the textual research of Guangdong Coast Guard Battery before the Opium War. The article is divided into five parts. The first part introduces the general situation of Guangdong coastal geography and coastal defense deployment in Qing Dynasty. The third part is an examination of the artillery forts in various parts of Guangzhou City in Central Road. The fourth part is mainly about the actual investigation of the batteries of Zhaohao Gao Lei Lianqiong five Fu Fu, West Road. The fifth part is mainly to explain the role of the Guangdong coastal battery in the internal and external war. And pointed out the limitation of the fortress, thus summarized the Qing Dynasty Guangdong fortress construction characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：E291;K252

【参考文献】