日本军票研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 09:47

本文选题：军票 + 抗日战争　；参考：《广西师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 军票是日本政府为了解决战争费用而发行的一种特殊货币。它在被允许在日军的占领区使用,当流回国内时需要先兑换成日元才能使用。日军在占领区的军费中,除军队的薪水之外都可以用军票支付。具体来说,在占领区征集粮食、布匹,雇佣当地百姓修筑工事、运输补给等都用军票支付。在抗日战争时期,它还是日本方面打击法币的重要武器。日本政府第一次试图使用军票是在甲午战争的时候。由于日本大藏省提出发行军票时,战局已定,清政府准备求和。军票没有大规模使用,只在侵占台湾的派遣军中使用。在随后的历次对外战争中,日本都有发行使用过军票。包括日俄战争、以对德宣战为名侵占青岛的战争、出兵西伯利亚作战、1937年中日战争、太平洋战争等。在1937年以前的历次战争中,日本军票只作为征发票证而使用,行使诸如“军队官兵薪水支出以外的开支”。在中日战争转入持久战以后,在中国派遣军的要求下,从1938年11月到1943年4月间,军票作为日占区一般通货使用。这是日本军票史上的顶峰时期。纵观日本军票史,日本在中国发行使用的军票为数最多。抗日战争前,中国以白银作为基本货币,日本使用军票可谓随心用手。1935年11月,国民政府实行法币改革,中国脱离重金属货币时代。这让中国有了对抗日本军票的武器。因为各种各样的原因,法币能够在抗战最艰苦的时候保持其作为货币的价值。这是国人之大幸,却是日本军票的噩梦。抗日战争时期,虽然日本方面采取了各种措施,试图维持军票价值,巩固军票作为日占区一般通货的地位。但是,一方面由于遇到法币的阻击;另一方面则是因为日本资源、国力有限,加上中国的抵抗,日本无法从根本上稳定军票价值,最后军票不得不退出历史舞台。
[Abstract]:Military tickets are a special currency issued by the Japanese government to settle the cost of the war. It is allowed to be used in Japanese occupation, and it needs to be converted into yen before it can be used when it flows home. The Japanese military in the occupied areas, except for the salaries of the army can be paid with military tickets. Specifically, collecting grain, cloth, employing local people to build fortifications, transporting supplies and so on in the occupied territories are paid with military tickets. During the War of Resistance against Japan, it was also an important weapon against the French dollar. The Japanese government first tried to use military tickets during the Sino-Japanese War. As Japan's Ministry of Tibet proposed to issue military tickets, the war situation has been decided, the Qing government is ready to seek peace. Military tickets are not used on a large scale, but only in dispatch troops occupying Taiwan. In subsequent foreign wars, Japan issued military tickets. Including the Japan-Russian War, the war of invading Qingdao in the name of declaring war against Germany, sending troops to fight in Siberia, the Sino-Japanese War in 1937, the War of the Pacific, and so on. In previous wars before 1937, the Japanese military tickets were used only for the purpose of issuing tickets. Exercise, for example, "expenses other than salary expenses for officers and soldiers in the army". After the Sino-Japanese War turned into a protracted war, at the request of Chinese troops, from November 1938 to April 1943, military tickets were used as the general currency of the Japanese-occupied area. This is the pinnacle of Japan's military ticket history, where Japan has the largest number of military tickets issued in China. Before the War of Resistance against Japan, China took silver as the basic currency, and Japan used military tickets as its hand. In November 1935, the National Government carried out the reform of the law, leaving China out of the era of heavy metal currency. This gives China a weapon against the Japanese. For a variety of reasons, the dollar was able to maintain its value as a currency in the toughest days of the War of Resistance. This is a great blessing for Chinese people, but a nightmare for Japanese military votes. During the War of Resistance against Japan, although the Japanese side took various measures to maintain the value of military tickets and consolidate their status as the general currency of the Japanese-occupied area. However, on the one hand, due to the obstruction of the law, on the other hand, because of Japan's resources, limited national strength, and China's resistance, Japan was unable to fundamentally stabilize the value of the military ticket, and finally, the military ticket had to withdraw from the historical stage.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K265

【引证文献】