抗战时期昆明市中下层市民经济生活考察

发布时间：2018-06-14 21:25

本文选题：抗日战争 + 昆明　；参考：《云南师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：抗日战争时期,随着外省人口、工商企业的内迁,以及金融势力的涌入,为昆明市的发展带来了机遇,尤其是一批知名学者的进入推动了教育的发展、工厂企业的内迁带来了新的技术、资本势力的入驻加快了昆明的资本流动。然而物价也随着战时经济的变化而猛烈上涨,到后期昆明几乎成了全国物价上涨最猛烈的地区。人民的经济生活也逐步发生改变,阶层状况也随之而变。面对日益严峻的通胀,飞速上涨的物价成为市民们普遍面临的日常生活问题,经济生活在一定程度上反映出当时民众的生活水平及社会经济状况。本文试图通过对公教人员、劳工群体以及中小工商业者三个群体经济生活的分析,采用经济史与社会史的研究方法,试图从社会经济史角度剖析昆明现代化变迁的一角,考察抗战八年间(1937-1945),昆明市民的基本生活情况,加深对昆明市经济和社会发展的历程的了解,注重社会中下层阶层的变化。文章分三个部分进行论述,首先,主要从战时人口、工业级金融资本的内迁情况,物价三个阶段的变动特点以及国民政府对物价上涨采取的调控措施三大方面,对战时昆明市市民生活的社会经济背景进行分析介绍。其次,从阶层群体概况、收入状况以及经济生活状况三大方面来具体分析这三个群体的经济生活。其中收入部分主要依据各群体的特点,论述教师的薪俸标准、工人的工资津贴、工商业者的经营状况,再通过其实际收入以及生活费指数,结合具体的消费情况及一些实际生活实例,窥探当时以这三个群体为代表的中下层市民的经济生活。最后,通过对这三个群体经济生活横纵向的对比分析,得出其在战时昆明市经济生活的特点以及当时社会财富重分配、社会结构上的变动等影响。通过对战时昆明市民生活图景的考察,有利于加深对抗战时期社会经济生活的了解与把握,也可以古观今。
[Abstract]:During the War of Resistance against Japan, with the population of other provinces, the internal migration of industrial and commercial enterprises, and the influx of financial forces, it brought opportunities for the development of Kunming, especially the entry of a group of well-known scholars to promote the development of education. The relocation of factories and enterprises brought new technology, and the arrival of capital forces accelerated the capital flow in Kunming. However, prices rose sharply as the wartime economy changed, and by the end of the year Kunming was almost the most violent area in the country. The economic life of the people has gradually changed, and the status of the class has also changed. In the face of increasingly severe inflation, rapidly rising prices have become a common daily life problem faced by citizens. To some extent, economic life reflects the living standards and social and economic conditions of the people at that time. This paper attempts to analyze the economic life of the three groups of public and religious personnel, labor groups and small and medium-sized industrialists and businessmen, using the research methods of economic history and social history, and trying to analyze the corner of Kunming's modernization transition from the angle of social economic history. During the eight years of the War of Resistance against Japan, the basic living conditions of Kunming residents were investigated, and the course of economic and social development in Kunming was further understood, and the changes of the middle and lower strata of society were emphasized. The article is divided into three parts. Firstly, it mainly discusses three aspects: the wartime population, the internal migration of industrial financial capital, the characteristics of price changes in the three stages and the measures adopted by the national government to regulate and control the price rise. This paper analyzes and introduces the social and economic background of the civil life in Kunming during the war. Secondly, it analyzes the economic life of the three groups from three aspects: the general situation of the stratum group, the income situation and the economic life condition. Among them, the income part mainly according to the characteristics of each group, discusses the salary standard of teachers, the wage allowance of workers, the business situation of industrial and commercial enterprises, and then through their actual income and living expenses index, Combined with the concrete consumption situation and some actual living examples, this paper explores the economic life of the middle and lower class citizens represented by these three groups at that time. Finally, through the comparative analysis of the economic life of these three groups, the characteristics of economic life in Kunming during wartime and the influence of the redistribution of social wealth and the change of social structure were obtained. Through the investigation of the life prospect of Kunming people in wartime, it is helpful to deepen the understanding and grasp of the social and economic life during the War of Resistance against Japan, as well as to view the ancient times.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K265

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