晚清华侨与国家安全战略

发布时间：2018-06-16 13:12

本文选题：晚清国家安全战略 + 晚清华侨　；参考：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：从古至今，每个朝代都有自己的国家安全战略。它的制定乃至实施是一个综合因素作用的结果。这些综合因素包括：所处的时期，当时的统治者，当时的参与决策的群臣等。特别是步入近代，对于中国而言面临着的是一个前所未有的变化：国家之间由原来的分散而居变为紧密联系，国际关系复杂多变。在这个大背景变化之下，中国当时统治者还要面临国内的风起云涌的农民起义。这样制定自己的国家安全战略，就显得至关重要。目前南海问题，台海问题，，东北亚问题等等都关系着中国的国家安全，本文旨在研究近代国家安全战略的制定实施过程的成败以供借鉴。华侨出国历史由来已久，早在秦朝时就有移民国外的记载。唐代开始定居国外的中国人逐渐增多，被视为华侨出国史的开端。从唐代到元代，大多数华侨多去往东南亚一带。自明代开始，由于生产力的发展，世界各国之间的联系日趋紧密，华侨出国地点也发生了变化：东到朝鲜、日本，西到印度的东部沿海地区，从缅甸的伊洛瓦底江上游，到印度尼西亚的各个群岛，几乎到处都可见到华侨,这些华侨总数已达100万以上。鸦片战争以后形成了大规模的华侨出国高潮，去往欧洲、美洲等地，逐渐形成华侨遍布世界各地的局面。如此长时间大规模的华侨移民，在其所处的时代对国家安全产生的影响值得注意。目前学术界对于华侨研究很是广泛，对于国家安全研究则是刚刚起步，多是研究1949年之后各个国家的安全战略以及对各自的影响和对世界的影响。鲜有将二者联系在一起的，特别是在鸦片战争以后，华侨出国情况，出国后对国家安全所做的贡献，晚清统治者在制定国家安全战略时华侨被赋予的新的历史使命：维护国家安全。这些都是本文旨在探讨的内容，通过研究这些内容以供后世借鉴。全文分为五个部分：第一部分：简述古代中国国家安全战略以及古代华侨出国情况。主要阐述各个朝代的国家安全战略、华侨出国情况的变化，，特别是华侨出国对国家安全的作用。第二部分：简述晚清国际关系的变化，中国国家安全战略的调整。主要是系统介绍各朝廷重臣的意见，总结晚清统治者的国家安全战略的变化。第三部分：简述晚清华侨出国情况以及晚清对华侨出国态度的变化，着重研究晚清制定国家安全战略中华侨对国家安全的作用。第四部分：从李鸿章的往来信函看晚清国家安全战略的制定及其困境，主要研究李鸿章的往来信函从中找出晚清统治者制定国家安全战略的方法和大体走向，并分析其制定国家安全战略的困境。第五部分：总结晚清国家安全战略的的趋向。特别是研究这些国家安全战略对后世的影响。
[Abstract]:From ancient times to the present, each dynasty has its own national security strategy. Its formulation and even implementation is the result of a comprehensive factor. These comprehensive factors include: the period, the rulers, the decision-makers and so on. Especially in modern times, China is faced with an unprecedented change: from the original scattered and changed into close ties, the international relations are complex and changeable. Against this backdrop, China's rulers faced a surge of peasant uprisings. In this way, it is essential to develop one's own national security strategy. At present, the problems of the South China Sea, the Taiwan Strait and Northeast Asia are all related to China's national security. The purpose of this paper is to study the success or failure of the formulation and implementation of the modern national security strategy for reference. Overseas Chinese have a long history of emigration in Qin Dynasty. The Chinese began to settle abroad in Tang Dynasty and were regarded as the beginning of the history of overseas Chinese. From the Tang Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, most overseas Chinese went to Southeast Asia. Since the Ming Dynasty, due to the development of productive forces, the relationship between countries around the world has become increasingly close, and the places where overseas Chinese left the country have also changed: from the east to Korea, to Japan, west to the eastern coastal areas of India, and from the upper reaches of the Irrawaddy River in Myanmar. Overseas Chinese can be found almost everywhere in the islands of Indonesia. The total number of these overseas Chinese has reached more than 1 million. After the Opium War, a large-scale overseas Chinese went abroad to Europe, America and other places, gradually forming the situation of overseas Chinese all over the world. Such a long period of large-scale emigration, in its era of national security impact is noteworthy. At present, the research on overseas Chinese is very extensive in academic circles, and the research on national security is just beginning. Most of them are studying the security strategy of each country after 1949 and its influence on each other and on the world. Few of them are linked together, especially after the Opium War, when the overseas Chinese went abroad and made contributions to national security after going abroad. The rulers of the late Qing Dynasty were entrusted with a new historical mission of safeguarding national security when they formulated the national security strategy. These are the contents of this paper, through the study of these contents for future generations. The full text is divided into five parts: the first part: brief introduction of ancient Chinese national security strategy and the situation of ancient overseas Chinese going abroad. This paper mainly expounds the national security strategy of each dynasty, the changes of the situation of overseas Chinese going abroad, especially the effect of overseas Chinese going abroad on national security. The second part: the change of international relations in the late Qing Dynasty and the adjustment of China's national security strategy. It mainly introduces the opinions of the imperial officials and summarizes the changes of national security strategy of the late Qing rulers. The third part: briefly describes the situation of overseas Chinese going abroad in the late Qing Dynasty and the change of the attitude towards the overseas Chinese in the late Qing Dynasty, focusing on the role of overseas Chinese in the formulation of the national security strategy in the late Qing Dynasty. The fourth part: from the Li Hongzhang correspondence to see the late Qing Dynasty national security strategy formulation and its difficult position, mainly studies the Li Hongzhang exchange correspondence to find out the late Qing Dynasty ruler to formulate the national security strategy method and the general trend, And analyzes its formulation of national security strategy dilemma. Part five: summarize the trend of national security strategy in late Qing Dynasty. In particular, to study the impact of these national security strategies on future generations.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D691;K252

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