建国初期上海人力车行业研究（1949-1956）

发布时间：2018-06-19 22:34

本文选题：建国初期 + 人力车　；参考：《上海师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文中的人力车，是指黄包车以及三轮车。1874年，黄包车首次出现于上海法租界，经过沧桑岁月，在太平洋战争时期，开始走向衰亡，而当时人力车的衍生工具——三轮车兴起，两者的数量此消彼长。1946年，上海曾进行过一次大规模的人力车淘汰工作，但后来并未成功，嗣后，只能将其任务落在中国共产党的肩上。建国伊始，百废待兴，上海已无力发展现代汽车工业，，只得依靠黄包车与三轮车来维持市民的出行。于是上海市政府将黄包车与人力三轮车的管理工作归并，成立了上海人力三轮车出租商业同业公会筹备会，同时成立上海市政工会人力三轮车分会，维持上海交通秩序，保障市民出行便利。1955年，上海政府对黄包车与三轮车提出了“加紧管理、限制发展、逐步转业”的方针，并成立了上海人力车、三轮车管理所，专门负责人力车与三轮车的淘汰与车工转业，直至1956年3月1日，最后两辆黄包车送进了上海博物馆。至此，黄包车完全淘汰，三轮车也淘汰了一大部分。这标志着新中国成立后，上海第一次大规模的人力车淘汰工作取得了胜利，也标志着上海交通工具已从半机械化向机械化转变。本文共分为三个部分。第一部分是绪论，介绍文章的研究对象以及研究意义；第二部分是文章的主题部分，分为四章：第一章，叙述解放初期人力车的现状。第二章，介绍1949-1954年人力车的管理工作。第三章，阐述了新中国成立后人力车第一次被淘汰之过程（1955—1956）。第四章，讨论了人力车工的转业情况。第三部分则是结语，客观评价了人力车的历史地位。目前，虽然关于人力车研究成果丰富，但对于建国初期人力车的淘汰过程涉及甚少，即使有也散落在各论文及著作中，并没有较为完整的研究。因此，本文希望通过收集大量历史资料，对其淘汰过程进行研究分析，并作出客观评价，也为现在政府管理城市交通工作提供宝贵经验与教训。
[Abstract]:In 1946 , Shanghai had carried out a large - scale phase - out of rickshaw , but it didn ' t succeed . After that , he could only set his task on the shoulders of the Communist Party of China .

Since the founding of the People ' s Republic of China , Shanghai has been unable to develop the modern automobile industry , and has to rely on the yellow - clad vehicle and the tricycle to maintain the public ' s travel . The Shanghai Municipal Government has set up a Shanghai Human Resources tricycle , a three - wheeled vehicle management station , and has set up a Shanghai Human rickshaw and a three - wheeled vehicle management station .

This paper is divided into three parts . The first part is the introduction , the research object of the introduction and the significance of the research ;
The second part is the subject part of the article , which is divided into four chapters : the first chapter , describes the present situation of the manpower vehicle in the early liberation period , and the second chapter introduces the management of the rickshaw in 1949 - 1954 , and the third chapter expounds the process of the first phase - out of the rickshaw after the founding of the new China ( 1955 - 1956 ) . The third part is the conclusion , which objectively evaluates the historical position of the rickshaw .

At present , although the research results of manpower vehicle are abundant , there is little research on the phase - out process of rickshaw during the early period of the founding of the Republic of China . Therefore , it is hoped that by collecting a large amount of historical data , we will study and analyze the phase - out process and make an objective evaluation , and also provide valuable experience and lessons for the government to manage the urban traffic .
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K27;F572.89

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