环境史视域下的疫病研究:1932年陕西霍乱灾害的三个问题

发布时间：2018-06-24 10:24

本文选题：环境史 + 年　；参考：《青海民族研究》2014年03期

【摘要】：本文将民国二十一年(1932年)陕西霍乱灾害置于环境史的视域下加以考察,针对以往研究尚不充分的三个问题,提出以下观点:一是1932年中国的霍乱灾害是在北半球中纬度地区极端气候条件下发生的生态灾难。陕西属生态环境脆弱带,受此影响更大,因此受害最烈。二是潼水疫源地的传言是特定历史条件下的产物,反映了当时陕西民众对于"毒"与"菌"认知上的缺失,也是"九一八"事变以后,抗战背景下的时代产物。三是综合各种统计资料,并结合当时陕西特殊的社会背景、民众生存条件、灾害后的人群健康与营养分析,本文认为,1932年陕西霍乱灾害中死亡人口占染疫人口的比率在40%以上,当在20万人左右。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the cholera disaster in Shaanxi Province in 1932 was investigated from the perspective of environmental history, aiming at three problems which had not been fully studied in the past. The main conclusions are as follows: first, the cholera disaster in China in 1932 was an ecological disaster under extreme climatic conditions in the mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Shaanxi is a fragile ecological environment zone, affected by this greater, so the most severely affected. Second, the rumors of Tongtong water foci are the product of specific historical conditions, which reflects the lack of cognition of "poison" and "bacteria" among the people of Shaanxi at that time, and is also the product of the times after the "September 18" incident and the background of the War of Resistance against Japan. Third, by synthesizing all kinds of statistical data and combining with the special social background, the living conditions of the people, and the analysis of the health and nutrition of the people after the disaster, this paper holds that the proportion of people killed in the cholera disaster in Shaanxi in 1932 accounted for more than 40% of the population infected with the epidemic. When the number of people is about 200000.
【作者单位】：陕西师范大学;
【基金】：教育部全国优秀博士论文专项基金项目《近五百年来黄土高原环境扰动与社会变迁》(批准号:2007B11) 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目《三千年来西北地区环境变迁研究》(批准号:13JJD770019)课题前期成果
【分类号】：R-09;K263

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